• 作者： 蔡振念
• 作者服務機構： 美國威斯康辛大學東亞系
• 中文摘要： 建安征旅詩和時代背景有緊密的關係。蓋建安征戰不斷，戕殺無數，人民顛沛流離于道路，死於盜賊，被迫棄鄉背井，行旅不暇日。敏感的詩人不會無視於眼前的現實，職是，征旅這一主題成了建安詩最重要的次文類【subgenre】之一 征旅詩不起於建安，三百篇中自中黍離之悲，我徂自束、雨雪霏霏之苦，建安詩人上承詩經餘緒，又自創詩風，以獨特的比興手法來表現旅愁鄉思，因此，無梁可濟之水，離群孤飛之雁，輾轉無根之蓬，一一成了旅人的象徵。建安詩人善藉與自然景物的對照來表達心中情感，凸顯時代的悲苦，這種哀傷的情緒往往出以結句，更使餘音繞樑，明顯的例子如曹植雜詩：“翩翩傷我心”“沉憂令人老”。曹丕雜詩：“斷絕我中腸”曹操苦寒行：“悠悠使我哀”，王柴七哀詩：“喟然傷心肝”。 征旅詩以其繁多的意象，豐富的情感來反映時代現實，寫情寫景兩兼，故能自成一格，獨立於建安詩中，此為研究建安征旅詩所得之結論。
• 英文摘要： The journey theme is one of the most important subgenres in Chien-an poems. Its appearancehas much to do with the social reality of the times, as has been pointed out by Liu Hsieh in Wen-hsin t'iao-lung. This subjenre may include poems of seperation, of doudoir complaint (kuei-yuan), and oftravelling, which share many common images and expressions. Images such as driftingtumbleweed, floating clouds, and shifting locales symbolize the real life of most people of thosetimes. Others, like home-bound geese and bridgeless rivers, may be emblems of soldiers' andtravellers' longing for home and their frustration caused by this desire. It seems that people of theChien-an era were constantly travelling, and eventually they journeyed into the darkness ofreality. Death and destruction are common phenomena described by Chien-an poets. They show thereader the desolate cities, the bleak countryside, and the ruined houses. In their description, peopleare driven away from home and must seek refuge in alien countries. Oftentimes, they die fromstarvation during their journey. The feeling and the emotion originating from these phenomena are dramatic and moving.Feelings of sadness, of loneliness, of weariness, and of desperation can be found in most of thejourney poems. These feelings are intensified when reminders of one's hometown or oftogetherness with the love ones, such as a covey of flying geese, a bright moon, or familiar music,zoom into the scene. Chien-an poets utilized this kind of delicate poetic technique to express theiremotions. In conclusion, we can say that Chien-an poets made their mark on Chinese poetic historythrough their successful description of social reality and their unique technique of expressing thepoetic mind.
• 中文關鍵字： deep rivers/bridgeless waters; floating cloud/sad wind; heavy grief/dolorous heart; lone goose/home-bound fox; on an on/away and away; shifting tumbleweed; starving woman/barren fields; strange place/not my hometown; wanderer/shifting life/ten-thousund-mile traveler; whirlwind/twisting storm
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