• 作者： 陳瑞青
• 作者服務機構： 國立臺灣大學植物學系
• 中文摘要： 自民國六十二年四月至六十五年三月，就竹材加工品或竹器，於臺灣生霉與變色菌類之調查結果得知，生霉但不致竹器變色之菌類，則有下列各屬（Genera）：Penicillium（佔19.2％），Aspergillus（18·6%），Arthrobotrys（12.7%），Pestalotia（10．2%0），Verticillium（9.2州），Fusarium（7·1為），Absidia（6.2彫）及Yeasts（11·3男）。至於變色菌，經由接種試驗確認者則有下列6種，前4種係臺灣之新記錄種：Ceratocystis major (van Beyma)Moreau; Euurotium herbariorum Link, Alternaria humicola Oudemans, Arthrinium phaeospermum‘(Corda) M.B. Ellis Aureobasidium pullulans (de Bary) Arn., and Chaetomiumolivaceum Cooke et Ellis一上舉6種變色菌季節性發生率之分析結果，獲知Ceratocystis及Eurotium兩種，佔全年分佈之56.9%，且於冬季佔優勢，可知竹材變色菌，在臺鸞之發生期而言，冬季較為重要。Chaetomium及Alternaria兩種，在夏季佔優勢，而Aureobasidium及Arthrinium全年中平均出現。 竹材防霉及變色藥劑之篩選試驗中發現，雙氧水漂白液浸漬處理時，再加食鹽（ NaCl，10%液）併合處理竹製食器，可收抑壓低耐鹽性變色菌類惑染之效果。
• 英文摘要： The etiological survey of the stain/mold defects of bamboo productsin Taiwan since 1973 revealed that the fungi responsible for mold but notfor stains are distributing into the following genera: Penicillium（19.2%)，As-pergillus（ 18.6/)，Arthrobotrys (12.7%)，Pestalotia（10.2/)，Verticillium (9.2%)，Fusarium (7.1%)，Absidia (6.2%) and Yeasts（11.3%)．While the fungi respon-sible for the stains proved by the inoculating test are the following sixspecies: Ceratocystis major (van Beyma) Moreau, Eurotium herbariorum Link,Alternaria humicola Oudemans, Arthrinium phacospermum (Corda) M. B. Ellis,Aureobasidium pullulans (de Bary) Arn., and Chaetomium olivaceum Cooke etEllis. Former four species are considered to be the new records fromTaiwan. From the results obtained from the analysis of seasonal prevalenceof each stain fungi，the frequency of Ceratocystis and Eurotium summed up56.9 of total population of samples and dominated in the winter season.On the contrary, Chaetomium and Alternaria dominated in summer, Aureobas-idium and Arthrinium appeared evenly throughout the year. The chemicalscreening test resulted the discovery of excelent preventive effect of stainfungi by addition of salt (NaCI) in 10% concentration into the bleechingsolution of hydrogen peroxide after cooking of Bamboo materials.
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