• 作者： 蘇永欽
• 作者服務機構： 國立政治大學法律系
• 中文摘要： 財產權保障是現代自由市場經濟與民主政治的重要支柱之一。要落實此一憲法保障，除了須有周延的立法建立合理的財產制度外，司法對公權力的控制也是非常重要的一環。在我國現行體制下，主觀財產權的救濟主要依賴行政法院作違法控制，大法官的功能則以對法令作違憲控制為主，其解釋僅能依個別情形間接對聲請人發生主觀權利救濟的效力，從而偏重於財產制度的保障。大法官對財產權所作的審查，最值得注意的倒還不是它的量明顯超過其他人權的解釋，而是它涉及人權保障原則之豐富。諸如比例原則、法律保留、信賴保護、一事不二罰、法律不溯既往、正當程序、徵收補償等，通過大法官的財產權解釋，這些現代民主國家共通的原則才成為我國憲政秩序的重要部分，而沿用到其他憲法權利。我國在九十年代以前重財產權輕政治社會人權的雙重標準，到了九十年代以後會不會逐漸倒轉為政治社會人權掛帥的新雙重標準，一如若干先進國家的發展經驗所顯示，還有待觀察。
• 英文摘要： The protection of property right is the cornerstone of free market economy as well as democracy.Its implementation requires laws that declare or construct a variety of property rights and set clear boundaryamong them. Judicial review on the other hand keeps the public hand from arbitrary and unreasonableinfringement of the property rights of the people. Under the present judicial system, it is the administrativecourt that controls the constitutionality of individual administrative acts, while the Grand Justices controlthe constitutionality of norms by interpretation of the Constitution, granting remedy to the applicant onlyindirectly. These Interpretations are of more attraction and importance in the development of the juris-prudence on property right. Most noteworthy of the past Interpretations related to property right ist notjust its quantity, leaving Interpretations on other basic rights far behind, but its comparatively betterquality. In the name of protection of property right the Grand Justices have transmitted quite a fewsignificant principles, which are unwritten in the Constitution, such as the principle of proportionality,the prohibition of double jeopardy, the prohibition of ex post facto law, the protection of trust, due processetc., into the life of ROC political order. Starting with property right, judicial review on the ground ofprinciples as well as concrete rules expands gradually to the domain of other basic rights. Whether thedouble standard of judicial review in favor of the protection of property right will soon come to an end,or even turn to a new double standard in the disadvantage of property right, as it has been the case in someWestern Countries, has yet to be seen.
• 中文關鍵字： 財產權; 司法審查; 制度保障; 私有財產權; 徵收補償; 特別犧牲; 公法請求權; 法律保留; 信賴保護; 雙重標準
• 英文關鍵字： --