• 作者： 葉光輝; 楊國樞
• 作者服務機構： 政治作戰學校心理學系; 台灣大學心理學系; 中央研究院民族學研究所
• 中文摘要： 本研究以葉、楊氏（1989）建構的個體孝道認知結構分類架構為基礎，進一步分析在不同教育年齡層（國小、國中、高中、大學）、性別及父母教育程度下之受試者，在該分類架構五個向度類型問的配對組合型態。結果發現，除有性別差異外，在不同教育年齡層及不同父母教育程度問並無差異。然而，將肇始原因向度去除後，則在不同教育年齡層間，典型配對組合型態的差異即行顯現出來了，但不同性別間的差異反而減少。此外，本研究亦曾從事孝道的五個認知結構向度的因素分析，得到兩個共同因素。雖然目前對這兩個共同因素尚不能確切命名，但它們應與個體的社會關照（social perspective）能力所包含的兩個層面－整合（integration）能力及區辨（differentiation）能力－有密切關係。本研究所得的結果可以應用於未來的道德教育，尤其是孝道教育，將獲得相當的助益。
• 英文摘要： On the basis of the eategorieal system of five eognitive-struetural dimensions of filial piety developed byYeh and Yang (1989), this research deseribed and eompared 212 subjects of different educational levels(elementary, junior, senior school and college), sex, and parental edueational levels in terms of their patterns offilial cognitions on the five categorical dimensions. The results showed that there was a significant pattern of　difference between the two sexes, but no such difference between groups of different educational levels or be-tween those of different parental educational levels. Nevertheless, when the dimension of cause or reason forfilial piety was excluded, the differences in cognitive-structural patterns became statistically significant betweenthe groups of various educational levels, whereas the sex difference turned out to be smaller than before. Inaddition, two factors were extracted by faetor analysis of the five cognitive-structural dimensions of filial piety. The two factors were considered to be related to integration and differentiation as two major aspects of social-perspective ability. These and other results obtained in the present study might be useful in the moral educationof filial piety in the future.
• 中文關鍵字： 心理計量研究取向; 認知曆展研究取向; 社會關照能力; 整合能力; 區辨能力; 孝道認知結構組型
• 英文關鍵字： psychometrical approach; cognitive developmental approach; social perspective ability; integrate ability; differential ability; cognitive-structural pattern of filial piety