• 作者： 徐世典; 黃秀珍
• 作者服務機構： 國立中興大學植物病理學系
• 中文摘要： 本研究以Adler氏毛細管法測定二種植物軟腐細菌Erwinia carotovora subsp. carotovora (Ecc)及E. chrysanthemi（Ech）之趨化性。Ecc及Ech都對多種有機物質表現正趨性，但二者之趨化性有許多不同之處。Ecc之趨化性對溫度較Ech者為敏感。Ecc對醣類之趨性皆為誘導性，而Ech則為構成性。Ecc對L（＋）arabinose，D（＋） mannose, D（＋）glucose及D-sorbitol之趨性較強，而Ech對L（＋）arabinose, D（－）fructose, D（＋）glucose及D（＋）galactose之趨性較強，Ecc可被所測20種氨基酸誘引，其中aspartate為最強誘引物；除tryptophan外，Ech可被其他19種氨基酸誘引，其中cystein為最強誘引物。Ecc對所測10種有機酸中之5種有趨性，而Ech對所測10種有機酸皆有趨性。Ecc及Ech都對malate之趨化最強。Ecc及Ech之懸浮液滴到包心白菜葉柄及洋蔥鱗片之傷口上後，在短時間內有多量細菌往傷口點聚集；這二種細菌對測試多種植物之傷口汁液及根分泌物也表現正趨性。
• 英文摘要： The chemotactic responses of Erwinia carotovora subsp. carotovora (Ecc) and E. chrysanthemi (Ech)were studied by the Adler's capillary technique. Ecc and Ech exhibited positive chemotaxes toward a varie-ty of organic compounds. Differences were observed, however, between Ecc and Ech in their chemotacticbehavior. Chemotaxis was more sensitive to temperature in Ecc than in Ech. The chemotactic responsesof Ecc to sugars were inducible, while those of Ech were constitutive. L(+)arabinose, D(+)mannose, D(+)glucose and D-sorbitol were good attractants for Ecc, while L(+)arabinose, D(-)fructose, D(+)glucoseand D(+)galactose were good attractants for Ech. Except for tryptophan for Ech, both Ecc and Ech re-sponded to 20 common amino acids, and aspartate and cystein were the best attractants for Ecc and Ech,respectively. Ecc was attracted to only 5 of the 10 organic acids tested, while Ech was attracted to all ofthem．Malate was the best attractant for both Ecc and Ech. When a drop of cell suspension of Ecc or Echwas placed on wounds on the surface of a Chinese cabbage leaf or an onion bulb scale, more bacterial cellswere found to accumulate in the site of the wound than in the area away from the wound. Both Ecc andEch also responded positively to the wound and root exudates of all test plants.
• 中文關鍵字： Erwinia carotovora subsp; carotovora; Erwinia Chrysanthemi; chemotaxis; sugars; amino acids; organic acids; plant exudates
• 英文關鍵字： --