• 作者： 何純郎; 李鎮源
• 作者服務機構： 中央研究院生化研究所; 國立臺灣大學醫學院藥理學科
• 中文摘要： 利用由各種蛇毒精製出來之磷脂?甲對大黑鼠之心臟血管系統作研究發現單鏈之磷脂?甲使大黑鼠之血壓產生短暫之
  下降但對離體之心房標本產生收縮變大心跳變快之作用。比較不同電荷性質之各?則發現酸性及中性?之降血壓及心肌刺
  激作用均比?性?強而以β-bungarotoxin最弱。
  單鏈之?使灌流之肺，腸系膜及骨骼肌血管產生收縮作用，若同時記錄血壓及腸系膜或骨骼肌之灌流壓則發現單鏈之
  ?在使血壓下降之同時也使上述血管之灌流壓上升，此兩種作用同樣受indomethacin抑制並共有tachyphylaxis之特性
  。β-bungarotoxin之降血壓作用與單鏈?所引起者不同，它作用慢，期間長，不引起周圍血管收縮且受抗組織胺及indo
  methacin之抑制，由此結果建議單鏈磷脂?甲之降血壓作用與前列腺素之合成及分泌有關；而β-bungarotoxin所引起
  降血壓作用則經由分泌組織胺及前列腺素而產生。本文對磷脂?甲引起降血壓之作用部位亦加以討論。
  ;
• 英文摘要： Phospholipase A (PLA ）preparations, purified from the venoms of Naja naja atra, Naja nigricollis,Naja melanoleuca, Notechis scutatus scutatus and Bungarus multicinctus, were studied for their effects onthe cardiovascular system of the rat. Chemically, these PLA s except β-bungarotoxin are single-chainpeptides with different charge properties. Single-chain PLA s caused a transient hypotensiob and cardiacstimulation in the rat. Acidic and neutral PLA s such as those from Naja naja atra, Naja melanoleuca andNaja nigricollis were more active in producing both than were basic ones from Naja nigricollis and Notechesscutatus scutatu＆Single-chain PLA s also caused vasoconstriction in the perfused vascular beds of the lung,the mesentery and of the skeletal muscle. The hypotensive action of single-chain PLA s was always accom-panied by vasoconstriction in the vascular beds of the viscera and the skeletal muscle, and this effect wassignificantly inhibited by indomethacin but not by antihistamines. The hypotension induced by β-bunga-rotoxin was different from that caused by single-chain PLA s. It was slower in onset and longer in duration,not accompanied by a peripheral vasoconstriction, and completely inhibited by combination of antihista-mine and indomethacin. It is suggested that synthesis and subsequent liberation of prostaglandins areinvolved in the single-chain PLA -induced hypotension, while hypotension caused by β-bungarotoxin resultsfrom the combined action of released histamine and prostaglandins. On the organ level, the sites of actionwhere these PLA s induce hypotension are discussed.
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