• 作者： 侯豐男；蕭金華
• 作者服務機構： 國立中興大學昆蟲學研究所
• 中文摘要： 以飼育方法研究小菜蛾(Plutella xylostella L.)之營養需求。三種供試之不飽和脂肪酸中，Linolenic acid為促進正常發育之必需養分，而Oleic acid及Linoleic acid則為非必需者。Linolenic acid之最適濃度範圍為每100公克飼料含0.25?0.50公克。以缺脂肪酸飼料飼養小菜蛾，導致蟲翅之畸形，產生皺翅之成蟲。飼料中加入Oleic acid或Linoleic acid或兩者兼加，皆未能有助於翅之發育。每100公克中加0.65毫升之亞麻仁油(Linseed oil)可促進小菜蛾之生長及發育，但高於此濃度卻使幼蟲生長期延長。膽固醇(Cholesterol)係幼蟲存活及成蟲羽化所需者，其濃度在每100公克飼料含0.25公克已足供正常生長，然增加所含濃度並不能提高昆蟲之羽化率。抗壞血酸(維他命丙)為小菜蛾幼蟲存活之必需養分，其最適濃度約為每100公克飼料含0.40公克。此維他命似與小菜蛾之表皮色素形成及骨化作用有關。
• 英文摘要： Some dietary requirements of the diamondback moth, Plutella xylostella L., were studied using the rearing method. Of the three polyunsaturated fatty acids tested, linolenic acid (18:3) was found to be an indispensable nutrient for promoting normal development, whereas oleic (18:1) and linoleic acid (18:2) were dietetically non-essential. The optimum effective range of linolenic acid for rearing is 0.25-0.50 g/100g diet. When fed on the diet free of any fatty acids, the insects, exhibited wing deformity, producing wings that were curled. Addition of oleic or linoleic acid, or both, did not improve wing development. Linseed oil at 0.65 ml/100 g diet could support growth and development of the diamondback moths, while a higher concentration prolonged larval period to some extent. Cholesterol is required for both larval survival and adult emergence, a level of 0.25g/100g diet being sufficient for normal growth. However, an increase in dietary cholesterol concentration does not further improve insect development. L-ascorbic acid (vitamin C) is dietetically essential for larval survival, its optimum effective, level being ca. 0.40g/100g diet for rearing. It is suggested that this vitamin is involved in cuticular pigmentation, and sclerotization of the diamondback moth.
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