• 作者： 莊淑滿; 林金和; 許志超
• 作者服務機構： 國立中興大學物學系
• 中文摘要： 枇杷為臺灣重要經濟果樹，唯因其腋芽生長旺盛，嚴重地影響果實的生長，果農須利用人工摘除腋芽，耗時費工，本實驗利用 Alar、Embark-2S、Ethrel、MH-30 和 Tamex 五種植物生長調節劑，各分三種濃度噴灑枇杷全株，觀察其對腋芽生長之影響。實驗結果顯示腋芽之生長與外加 Alar 或 Ethrel 之量無直接之關係，外加 Tamex 不能抑制腋芽生長反而促進腋芽生長，而 Embark-2S 和 MH-30 兩種化學藥劑可有效地抑制腋芽生長，其抑制效果隨著濃度之增高和噴藥次數之增加而愈加顯著。由田間調查結果顯示，MH-30 之抑制方式主要是抑制新生腋芽之伸長而不是抑制新生腋芽之發生。由組識切片之觀察探討 MH-30 之抑制顯示，MH-30 對於莖頂分生組織之解剖形態無顯著影響。但 MH-30 可使莖之節間皮層細胞之縱向長度變小，皮層組織之厚度及細胞數目變少。此外，MH-30 可阻止新生葉片內維管束之分化，或改變成熟葉片之厚度，MH-30 同時也促使莖部皮層組織產生溶生細胞間隙。由葉片分析之結果顯示，MH-30亦可改變葉片內可溶性醣類含量之消長。
• 英文摘要： The lateral buds of Eriobotrya japonica L.has the unusual ability for bud break andelongation throughout the year which eventuallyleads to a decline in vigor. The present culturalpractice in Taiwan requires manual pruning,four times annually. The expense of labor andthe tediousness to maintain have forced theretirement of some orchards. The current re-search is to control the lateral bud developmentof E. japonica through chemical regulation. Fivegrowth regulators are investigated-Alar, Ethrel,MH-30, Tamex and Embark-2S. The resultsindicate that only MH-30 and Embark-2S areeffective in controlling E. japonica; the effec-tiveness is enhanced with proper concentrationand timing. Observation in the field shows thatMH-30 acts to inhibit elongation without re-ducing the number of shoot buds. Laboratoryobservation showing the shoot apical meristemremains unchanged, but the radius of the cortexis shorter because of a reduction of both longi-tudinal cellular growth and a decrease in thenumber of cells per cortex radius. Lysigenousintercellular spaces are found to be induced inthe cortex of the new shoot. Through quantita-tive analysis, the sugar concentration is knownto be altered.
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