• 作者： 高淑芬; 邱美虹
• 作者服務機構： 高雄縣立岡山國中; 國立臺灣師範大學科學教育研究所
• 中文摘要： 類比是科學三大思考技巧(演譯、歸納、類比)中最具創造力，同時也是最無跡可尋，最難以捉摸的技巧(李靜、宋立軍和張大松，1994)。類比不似演譯或歸納有既定的步驟或程序，因此在日常生活中雖然我們常使用類比，但卻不了解類比是如何被(檢索)(retrieved)的，又是如何產生對應(mapping)。在目前科學教育領域對類比的研究亦是如此，很少論及檢索和對應這兩步驟。本文的目的即在介紹三套有關於檢索和對應步驟的理論，希望藉由對檢索和對應機制的了解，幫助科學教師和學習者更能有效率地使用類比。
• 英文摘要： Among three scientific thinking techniques (deduction, induction, analogy), analogy is the most creative and intangible. Unlike deduction and induction, an analogical reasoning does not have a definite and clear procedure. Though analogies are used in daily life, but frequently the source is not known. The mapping and retrieval of analogies are rarely mentioned in the science education research literature. Therefore, the purpose of this paper is to introduce three theories about retrieval and mapping. By means of exploring these theories about retrieval and mapping, we hope that this study will help science teachers and student understand analogies and how they can be used more effectively.
• 中文關鍵字： 類比; 對應; 檢索
• 英文關鍵字： Analogy; Mapping; Retrieval