• 作者： 溫振源
• 作者服務機構： 國立台灣大學醫學院解剖學科
• 中文摘要： 本研究係利用成熟兩性之短尾猴作材料，於一側行脊神經背根多根（自C 至T ）截斷，手術後動物再養2至6天，然後以電子顯微鏡探討楔狀神經核內，由于去傳入神經所激起神經膠細胞早期形態上之反應性變化。正常猴楔狀核內，可以分辨出三種神經膠細胞，它們是寡樹突膠細胞、星形細胞及小神經膠細胞。其寡樹突膠細胞是主型而小神經細胞則是少數型。 經去傳入神經後，楔狀核內之小形膠細胞數目減少，另有所謂吞噬性膠細胞出現。寡樹突膠細胞對去傳入神經後殊少顯現反應變化，反之星形及吞噬性膠細胞則有顯著之形態反應。星形細胞呈現肥大，其細胞突起益形擴展，各類胞器數量都大為增加，特別是膠微絲(glial filaments)為最，此種現象可能與神經膠疤(glial scar)之形成有密切關係。吞噬性膠細胞則大為增殖，細胞也呈肥大，胞質內含有多數吞噬體，而於較長時間之變化，則此等細胞質幾全為脂滴所佔據。
• 英文摘要： Adult macaque monkeys (Macaca fascicularis) of both sexes were adopted for the present electronmicroscopic study. The animals were subjected to unilateral multiple rhizotomies (from C5 to Tl dorsalroots) and were allowed to survive for 2 to 6 days postoperatively. Three types of neuroglial cells wereidentified in the normal and sham-control monkey cuneate nucleus: oligodendrocytes, astrocytes andmicroglia. Oligodendrocyte was the main glial type in the normal monkey cuneate nucleus, while microgliawas the minority of the glial population. In the dorsal rhizotomized materials, typical microglial cells were very rar. Another form of cellsdesignated as phagocytic glial cells was often observed. The oligodendrocytes did not appear to participateactively in phagocytosis of extracellular degenerating debris. The number of cells did not increase much.Definite signs of reactive changes were observed in the astrocytes and phagocytic glial cells. The astrocytesunderwent hyperplasia during degeneration. Their processes were more extensively expanded and maycontribute to the formation of glial scar. The phagocytic glial cells proliferated during earlier degenerativeprocess and actively phagocytosed the degenerating axon terminals. In the longer survival materials, thesecells were nearly filled with lipid droplets. Mitotic figures were also seen in this glial type. The possiblecells of the origin of the phagocytic glial cells are discussed.
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