• 作者： Ting, Jeng-Kuo; Wu, Jeffrey Chi-Sheng
• 中文摘要： 本研究利用多孔性陶瓷膜研究掃流式超微過濾，用以分離油水乳化液，此分離方法可應用於含油廢水的減量。利用陶瓷膜親水性的表面，以毛細管力排斥油相，達成油水分離。兩種乳化液，柴油/水和正十二烷/水，是加入1wt%界面活性劑在均質機中製備而成。分離介質是氧化鋁膜，具有兩種孔洞，分別 0.2.mu.m和0.02.mu.m。實驗分別探討過濾壓力、進料速率、攪伴和逆洗對油水分離的影響。結果顯示，柴油和正十二烷的分離相近，分離效率隨著過濾壓力、進料速率和攪伴速率的增加而降低，分離效果和油滴與膜孔洞大小有關。雖然0.02.mu.m膜的臨界壓力遠大於0.2.mu.m膜，但分離效率卻只有高出少許，這是因為0.02.mu.m膜有嚴重的表面濃度極化和孔洞阻塞的現象。膜表面濃度極化的情況，可以逆洗操作予以減輕，導致分離效率大增。根據本實驗的條件範圍，最好的分離效果是使用0.O2.mu.m膜，在過濾壓力為300kPa，進料速率為 6ml/min以及施行逆洗操作的條件下，可以將2wt%的油水乳化液降低至0.4wt%的，而達到分離因子將近5。
• 英文摘要： The separation of oil/water emulsion was performed by cross-flow filtration using ceramic membranes. This method can be applied to reduce the wastewater contaminated with oil. The separation of oil from water is due to the capillary force on the hydrophilic surface of the membrane. Two emulsion systems, kerosene/water and n-dodecane/water were prepared by a homogenizer with 1wt% of surfactant. Anodisc membranes with pore size 0.2 and 0.02.mu.m were used as filter media. The effects of transmembrane pressure, feed rate, agitation speed and backflush on oil/water separation were investigated in this study. The separation results of kerosene and n-dodecane were found similar. The separation efficiency of both systems decreased with increasing transmembrane pressure, feed rate and agitation speed. The separation depended on the size of oil droplet and the pore size of the membranes. Although the critical pressure through 0.02.mu.m membrane was much higher than that in 0.2.mu.m membranes , the separation performance of 0.02.mu.m membranes was only slightly better due to severe concentration polarization and fouling. Concentration polarization could be substantially reduced by backflush and thus the separation was greatly improved. The separation was found to be best at a transmembrane pressure of 300kPa and a feed rate of 6ml/min with backflush using 0.02.mu.m membrane. The oil content was reduced from 2wt% to 0.4wt% achieving the separation factor of 5.
• 中文關鍵字： 多孔陶瓷膜; 油水分離; 超過濾; 氧化鋁膜; 廢水減量; 煤油; 正十二烷
• 英文關鍵字： Porous Ceramic Membrane; Oil Water Separation; Ultrafiltration; Anodisc Membrane; Wasterwater Reduction; Kerosene; N-Dodecane