• 作者： 邱義源；楊盛行
• 作者服務機構： 省立嘉義農業專科學校食品加工科; 國立臺灣大學農業化學系
• 中文摘要： 在本省中部彰化地區之亞麻抑病土壤和導病土壤的水分特性不同，在相同的水分含量下，抑病土壤的水分活性比導病土壤高。兩種土壤之平均田間水分含量約20% ，其水分活性則分別?0.988和0.979 。亞麻鐮刀菌Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lini的厚膜孢子在自然田間土壤之表面上，雖其水分活性接近1.0 ，但不發芽；若在殺菌土壤之表面上則當水分活性大於 0.980時即可發芽。而且厚膜孢子在無菌水中無養分的供給下，當水分活性大於0.985始可發芽；如有外界養分之添加，則 當水分活性大於0.975?可發芽。可見水分活性在厚膜孢子發芽之養分利用上扮演一個重要角色。抑病土壤之水分活性較高 有利於土壤微生物之滋生，其養分之競爭相當激烈而減少厚膜孢子發芽所需之養分。此外，本文亦就厚膜子發芽、芽管分解 率、水分活性、土壤全氣體?量和乙烯濃度之關係加以討論。
• 英文摘要： When the soil moisture content of both flax-wilted conducive and suppressive soils were 20%, the water activity (Aw) of the conducive soil was 0.979 and the Aw of the suppressive soil was 0.988. The chlamydospores of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lini could not germinate on the surface of either soil where the Aw was near 1.0. The chlamydospores were not able to germinate at Aw 0.975 unless sufficient nutrient was provided but could germinate at Aw 0.985 or 0.980 when they were respectively floated on sterilized water or on sterilized soil surface. The role of water activity in the germination of the chlamydospores of F. oxysporum f. sp. lini as it relates to other soil microbial activity has been discussed.
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