• 作者： 王德瓊
• 作者服務機構： 國立中興大學化學系
• 中文摘要： 本研究分別以水蒸氣蒸餾及以正己烷、石油醚分別為溶媒皆可，萃取斗柚花、白玉蘭花、月橘花、梔子花等之香油精。產油率：白玉蘭花最高，梔子花最低，月橘花、斗柏花次之。測得各油之物理性質後，以氣相色析儀和製備的氣相色析儀，先後測尖峰（尖峰數：依序19, 18, 29,18) 和單離，獲得四精油諸的成分，然後各油之主要成分藉滯留時間和紅外線光譜，鑑定出它們的構造。 斗柚花精油主要成分含量較多者，有 limonene, linalool, nerol, methyl antranilate，若與橙花精油成分比較，則諸成分種類幾相同，惟前者含此上述四成分之量皆較後者為少（圖一），而含 α-pinene 和 Camphor 皆微較多。故較微具刺激性，致好聞之香氣不及後者，但二者均具濃香。 白玉蘭花精油主要成分：limonene, benzy1 acetate, linalool, nerol, hydroxy citronellal,benzaldehyde, benzyl benzoate, methyl eugenol等。 月橘花精油主要成分：1, 8-cineol (eucalyptal), α-Terpineol, hydroxy citronellal, iso-eugenol, geranyl acetate, cadinene, dimethyl antranilate等。 梔子花精油主要成分：benzyl acetate, styrol acetate, hydroxy citronellal, eugenol等。
• 英文摘要： These four aromatic flowers of Citrus gran-dis Osbeck. (I); Michelia alba, D. C.(II); Murrayapaniculata Jack (III); and Gardenia jasminoides,Elbis (IV). Each of the fresh flowers of the above fourkinds was separately subjected to stem distilla-tion on every other day. The distilled oils ob-tained were separately and successively extractedwith ether and over anhydrous sodium sulfate.After the distillation of the ether, four essentialoils were obtained respectively. Then, the main components of the fourkinds of oils were isolated by GLC Mode K-53; preparative GLC, and GLC: Mode 4 CPT; Pre-parative GLC, and they were identified by acomparison of infrared spectra and retentiontimes ( ) with those of authentic samples. The main constituents of the essential oilof the flowers of the extracted Citrus grandisOsbeck are about the same as those from theextracted nerolic oil, except different in quanti-ties. The essential oil of Citrus grandis Osbeck,contains less limonene, linalool, nerol, geraniol,methyl antranilate, phenyl-p-cresyl oxide, butmore α-pinene, indol and camphor than nerolicoil, and, therefore, has irritating odor. But both kinds of essential oils are strong-1y fragrant.
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