• 作者： 徐玉標
• 中文摘要： There are 59 representative samples ofindustrial wastewater which have been collec-ted in this study．The chemical analysisworks cover 15 items as following：pH,TDS,EC×10 (250C), Ca ,Mg ,Na ,K ,CO =,HCO , C1 , SO =, NO ,PO =, B=, andBOD. Two items, namely, SAR and RSCare calculated from experimental results. Thequality of irrigation water was classifiedaccording to the standard of U.S. SalinityLaboratory. The effects of pollution from major in-dustrial wastes can be summarized as follows： 1. Food, brewage, and sugar industrial waster ：High BOD and suspended solids with bad odor render irrigation water in be- tween C -S range. In general, water pollution by brewing wastes cause no se- rious hazard to crops if dilution or de- composition can be done successfully. 2. Pulp and paper wastes：Colored, high pH, BOD, Na ,SO =, and C1 are highly af- fect in degrading the quality of irrigation water. They have been found as a common pollutant to irrigation water in Taiwan. 3. Oil wastes：Colored with high contents of dissolved salts and sulfur compounds. The sewages cause serious hazard to algae, fish, and other aquatic life in Taiwan, especially, in Kao-Hsiung and Nan-Tzarea. 4. Textile wastes：Highly alkaline also with high level of Na , SO =, and C1 etc. The pollution show heavy damage to crops unless sewages are fully diluted or with special treatments. 5. Steel and electroplating waste：Acidic. It contains various inorganic salts in high concentration. The sewages may cause death of fish as well as other aquatic life and destroy bacteria, hence it will against self-purification of stream. They are unacceptable for agricultural use. 6. Plastics and chemical industries wastes： Either high acidic or alkaline with con- tents are, namely, Na , SO =, and C1 etc. Sewages are highly harmful to crops. 7. Municipal sewage and plant nutrients pol- lution：The characteristics of municipal wastes are almost the same as food and brewage industries. It contains high level of unstable biochemically organic matters with objec- tionable odor. As concern with irrigation, it appeared to improve rather than inter- fere with crop production. While consider plant nutrient pollution, it lead to Eut- rophication of water and cause excessive growth of fungi as well as aquatic plants in irrigation canal.8. Industrial wastes mixed pollution：Accor- ding to the statistics by Taiwan Provinc- ial Water Conservancy Breau, there are more than 54,700 hectares have been pol- luted by industrial wastes. The situa- tions are various in each individual area while the tendencies show that the more dilution with clean stream the less hazard to soil and crops.
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