• 作者： 陳秋坤
• 作者服務機構： Institute of Modern History Academia Sinica
• 中文摘要： 本文內容分為三大部份：首先分析十八世紀中葉以降台灣農村地權結構的變化，指出小租田主（富佃農）階層逐日取代大租業主成為農村社會經濟勢力的主要成員。其次敘述一八四○至五○年代台灣農村發生米穀滯銷以及銀貴錢賤的經濟危機。第三部份分析主佃勢力的消長，指出大租戶階層權力衰微，富佃戶則日益壯大。大租業主為求有效保衛地權，除聘請管事和佃首等專業人員代為催租納賦之外（平埔族業主則是納餉），亦常仰賴地方官僚代為解決佃人欠租問題。本文以岸裡社潘姓業主家族為例，指出大租戶階層，尤其是土著業主，在農村經濟危機中，更易遭受漢佃占墾和欠租問題。本文認為維持出口貿易順暢，乃是台灣經濟繼續發展的要件。其次，在農村經濟轉型中，大租戶雖然名為業主，實則無權管理田園；在地權疏離化的過程中，他們日益無法有效管理手下的田主（小租戶），終致造成主佃易勢的局面。
• 英文摘要： This paper focuses on the economic crises affecting agrarian Taiwan during the 1840's and50's,and the impacts of those crises on the multi-layered structure of tenurial relationships.During the late eighteenth century,“big-rent”property holders (Ta-tsu-hu) became increasinglyweaker while their“small-rent”counterparts (Hsiao-tsu-hu) established dominant positions intheir respective settlements. In addition, the paper analyzes Taiwan's economic deflation whichfollowed the importation of cheap rice from Java and Siam to Mainland Chinese coastal marketsby foreign shipping companies. Even worse, the growing consumption of opium among theisland settlers further drained much-needed silver money from Taiwan's economy. My con-clusion is that Taiwan's deteriorating economy-which was heavily reliant on continued growthin regional trade-affected big-rent holders the most because their tenants were either unable orunwilling to pay their rent. To illustrate this situation, I use one example of a prominent land-holding family-the Pan family of the An-li tribe in central Taiwan.
• 中文關鍵字： 台灣農村經濟; 租佃關係; 地權結構; 土著地權
• 英文關鍵字： --