• 作者： 吳信淦；陳正次
• 作者服務機構： 中央研究院植物研究所
• 中文摘要： 稻米的貯存蛋白?圓形或多角形的顆粒，均能被汞溴酚藍染成藍色以及被胃蛋白?所消化，主要位於稻米糊粉層下2?3 層的胚乳細胞內。 ?一胚乳細胞內蛋白顆粒的平均數於品種間、米粒部位間、發育期間及品種×發育期間均有顯著的差別。品種間蛋白顆粒數的相差有幾達一倍的。發育後期，圓形的又遠較多角形的?多。圓形蛋白顆粒的平均大小，於開花後28天時各品種間的 變異?1.9?2.4μ。 圓形蛋白顆粒懸浮於細胞基質，其表面常有破裂的泡囊碎片覆蓋或被粗面內質網所圍困；比較成熟的圓形蛋白顆粒有同 心圓狀結構，多角形的則由若干小單位組成且常位於液泡內。 蛋白顆粒的形成可能?在泡囊碎片表面核糖體或粗面內質網上合成的蛋白重複地加於其內的蛋白顆粒核心或成長中的蛋 白顆粒。核糖體及聚核糖體似皆參與核心的形成。 圓形蛋白顆粒主要由酸溶性蛋白組成，其乙醇溶性的量相對的較多角形的?多，後者除少量鹽溶、乙醇溶及鹼溶的外主?不溶於上述諸溶劑的蛋白。 基於本文的?察結果曾討論如何選拔高蛋白高離氨酸的稻米品種。
• 英文摘要： Morphologically, there are two types of rice storage protein, round and angular. Both are found mostly in 2 to 3 layers of endosperm cells beneath aleurone, both can be stained blue with mercuric bromphenol blue and extracted with pepsin digestion. The number of protein body in a cell differs significantly among varieties, localities of caryopses, developmental stages and variety-stage interaction. At the later stage, the number of round protein bodies far exceeds that of the angular ones. The average size of round protein body among varieties ranges from 1.9 μ to 2.4 μ. The round protein bodies covered partly by patches of rough vesicles or encircled by ER are suspended in matrix while the angular ones composed of several subunits are located in vacuoles. Concentric strata were usually found in rather mature round protein bodies. Protein bodies are presumbably formed by incorporating successively the protein synthesized on the patches of rough vesicels or ER into a growing protein body or a protein body nucleus. Ribosomes and polyribosomes are probably involved in forming protein body nucleus. Glutelin is the major composition of the round storage protein bodies although they also contain relatively more prolamin than the angular ones. Proteins soluble in none of the solvents used are mostly present in the angular protein bodies.
• 中文關鍵字： --
• 英文關鍵字： --