第6卷‧第1期,
197801
, pp. 50-75
積雲對流潛熱釋放對氣旋發展之動力作用
- 作者：
廖學鎰; 江火明; 李忠義
- 作者服務機構：
國立中央大學地球物理研究所
- 中文摘要：
大氣的運動是由於地球上各處受熱不均勻所引起，因此要研究天氣的變化，熱量的考慮是不容忽略的。梅雨期之南海至遠東地區下層大氣中，常受潮濕且較不穩定之西南氣流籠罩，積雲對流釋放多量潛熱，誘致梅雨前線上低氣壓的發展。 由於要同時處理兩種不同規模的天氣系統，本文用參數化的方法，來模擬積雲對流潛熱釋放量。假設活躍積雲所佔面積百分率，以及大氣中水汽飽和臨界值為主要參數，以三層斜壓準地轉模式，作24小時預報，並與絕熱模式及大規模潛熱釋放模式比較，結果發現，積雲對流潛熱釋放，確實是促成條件不穩定且水汽量充足之氣旋發展的最重要因素。
- 英文摘要：
It has become the important problem howto treat the effect of cumulus-scale convectionin relation with the large-scale motion. In Baiuseason the wet air covers Far East and the rapiddevelopment of a cyclone in the medium scaleis frequently observed. The cumulus parameterization used in thisstudy. The heat of condensation by cumulus-convection in the moist unstable atmosphere isconsidered to be taken into the temperaturechange of large-scale motion. In this scheme, thecharacteristic feature of moist convection is usedfor the estimation of latent heat due to convec-tive motion. In the numerical experiment the three-layerbaroclinic quasi-geostrophic model is used andthe 24-hour forcast is performed for the case ofBaiu season in June. Adiabatic and large-scalediabatic models are compared. The results showthat the latent-heat reslease of cumulus-convec-tion is the most important role in the develop-ment of an extratropical cyclone.
- 中文關鍵字：
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- 英文關鍵字：
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