• 作者： 曾若玄
• 作者服務機構： 國立中山大學海洋資源系
• 中文摘要： 本文利用海研三號研究船行駛於台灣海峽南部以及在台中外海的一座淺水平台上觀測風速、氣溫和溼度的紊流特性。結果發現水平順風的紊流強度和陣風係數均不隨風速而改變，卻似乎隨著表面粗糙長度的增加而遞增。在不穩定的大氣條件下，熱和溼度紊流強度為穩定參數Z/L的函數，其中Z為儀器高度，L為莫寧-歐布霍夫長度。由風速、氣溫與溼度變動量之能譜分佈可證實慣性領域的存在，以慣性消散法求得之風應力略大於渦流相關法所求得之值，本文所得到的動量、熱量和水汽傳送係數隨著風速和穩定度而變，並提出了一些經驗公式和數值。
• 英文摘要： Turbulent properties of wind velocities, air temperature and humidity were measured onboardthe R/V Ocean Researcher Ⅲ over the southern Taiwan Strait and on an offshore platform in shallowwaters near Taichung. The longitudinal wind turbulence level and gust factor were found to remain constantat different wind speeds, but these values appeared to increase as the surface roughness increased. Thermaland humidity turbulence levels under unstable conditions depended on the stability parameter,where Z is the measurement height and L the Monin-Obukhov length. Spectra of wind speed, air tem-perature and humidity fluctuations showed the existence of an inertial subrange. Wind stress derivedusing the inertial-dissipation method was somewhat larger than that obtained using the eddy-correlationmethod. Transfer coefficients of momentum, heat and water vapor, were found to be functions ofwind speed and stability parameter, and their empirical formulae and relationships are presented in thispaper.
• 中文關鍵字： turbulence level; stability parameter; transfer coefficient
• 英文關鍵字： --