• 作者： 彭錦樵
• 作者服務機構： 國立中興大學農業機械工程學系
• 中文摘要： 本省一般作物之中耕採用人力配合小型機械式中耕機械，容易因翻犁土壤而使作物根系切斷。本研究引進日本岩谷牌噴氣式深耕機進行試驗，以尋求最適合作物之作業條件。基本試驗在建立噴氣點周圍不同半徑及深度下，土壤物理性（以土壤孔隙度及貫穿阻力為例）變化之資料，以求取噴氣式深耕機之有效作業半徑，同時分析高壓空氣之動力學特性。 由基本試驗及空氣動力學分析，可得下列結果： 1.噴氣處理後地表面會產生裂痕。 2.噴氣壓力愈大，土壤愈鬆動，貫穿阻力測定器能貫入之深度愈深。 3.由土槽及田間基本試驗之土壤孔隙度、貫穿阻力等資料顯示，最適宜且最有效之作業範圍為以噴氣點為中心，半徑為80cm之區域內。 4.若土壤壓力小於5.574kg/cm2，噴氣時會發生爆震（shock），若壓力介於5.574kg/cm2與9.19kg/cm2之間，噴氣時會發生氣阻（choke）現象，本試驗中此兩種現象均不發生。
• 英文摘要： In Taiwan，the cultivation of mostdryland crops is either done by hand hoeingor by a power-driven cultivator.The maindefect of such cultivation is that crop rootsmight be hurt when soil is pulverized. In order to minimize the damage of croproots a cultivator of the pneumatic injectiontype was tested. The test was designed tofind out an effective operation radius anddepth of the new cultivator through thenvestigation of the changes in soil physicalproperties-porosity and penetrating resistance.The gas dynamics of soils was also analyzed.Results show： 1. There were Several cracks on the soilsurface after each operation. 2. The higher the operation pressureapplied, the looser the soil became and sothe deeper penetrating of soil also. 3. The most effective operation radiusand depth of the new cultivator was about80 and 40 cm resectively. 4. "Normal shock" usually happens whenthe soil penetrating resistance is smaller than5.574 kg/cm2 while "Chock" occurs when thesoil penetrating resistance is between 5.574~9.19kg/cm2, However, neither "Nermalshock" nor "Chock" happened during the test.
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