• 作者： 蔡士明; 楊盛行
• 作者服務機構： 國立臺灣大學農業化學系
• 中文摘要： 本文為進一步探討褐藻膠萃取條件和品質之季節性變化。褐藻膠萃取時，福馬林（formalin）處理可增加黏度，降低色度，然而福馬林溶液之濃度，福馬林加溫處理之溫度，與加溫處理之時間對所抽取之褐藻膠品質影響不大，其中以 0.5%福馬林溶液在常溫處理 4 小時左右所得褐藻膠之品質最好，且萃取成本較低。又鹼抽取時，強鹼會引起黏度的大幅度降解（degradation），故應避免使用。而褐藻膠萃取完全與否，與鹼液之使用量及攪拌有關，以90倍之碳酸鈉溶液在常溫下攪拌 30 分鐘，而在 60°C 萃取一次即可，最為經濟、方便且迅速。 由馬尾藻所抽取褐藻膠之品質，以三月份最佳，無論收率、黏度和色度均最好，其次為二月、四月和一月，至於六月和七月所得之褐藻膠則品質漸差，故褐藻膠之生產以選取一至四月份所產之馬尾藻為原料最適宜。
• 英文摘要： In the extraction of alginate, the formalintreatment could improve the viscosity and de-crease the colour. However, the quality ofalginate was not significantly affected by for-malin concentration, temperature and heatingtime. The Sargassum treated with 0.5 percentof formalin solution at room temperature for4 hours gave the best quality of alginate andthe lowest cost for extraction. Generallyspeaking, the treatment of strong alkaline solu-tion could decrease the viscosity very sharplyand the extraction of alginate was dependent onthe volume of solution used and thedegree of stirring and independent of the timeof extraction. For practical purpose, 90 volumesof alkaline solution stirred at room temperaturefor 30 minutes and extracted at 60°C for onetime was more convenient and economic thanother treatments. In a study of the seasonal variation of thequality of alginate extracted from Sargassumgrown in southern Taiwan, it was found thatthe quality of alginate extracted from Sargassumharvested on March was the best, and those fromalgae harvested in February, April and Januarycame to next, while June and July, the lowest.To get the best quality of alginate, the rawmaterial of Sargassum harvested during Januaryand April was required.
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