• 作者： 朱鈞; 郭華仁
• 作者服務機構： 國立臺灣大學農藝學系
• 中文摘要： 以休眠性及非休眠性水稻各四品種，進行以下試驗，以求充分明瞭休眠性與非休眠性種子的生理化之差異，及其可能之休眠機制和最適當之方法抑制非休眠性種子發芽和促進休眠性種子之發芽。 以ABA， MH， coumarin及AMO 1618來處理，皆不能抑制發芽，而對幼苗的生長則各有不同的抑制能力。其中以ABA的效果最大，ABA處理的種子，再經過乾燥後，仍保持有相當高的生活力。 還原醣、五碳醣及聯苯酚的含量，在休眠性及非休眠性種子之間沒有差異。乾種子中α－amylase， protease， catalase及G-6-P DH等酵素的活性亦然。而peroxidase活性與休眠性有關，活性高者具有休眠性。非休眠種子的peroxidase活性低。休眠種子peroxidase活性大多存在稻殼。 含氮化合物的休眠解除效果大小，依次為 CN =N ＞NO =NH OH＞NO ＞NH ，其中以10 mM的CN 解除效果最好，而且對幼苗的生長無礙，可以作為一般發芽試驗之休眠解除劑。 解除休眠的方法，如烘乾、後熟，或CN 處理，均可以降低稻殼peroxidase活性，文中並討論peroxidase與休眠性的關係。
• 英文摘要： In order to clearly understand the physio-logical and biochemical differences between thedormant and non-dormant seeds of rice as wellas the mechanism of rice seed dormancy, andalso to find out the most suitable method toinhibit germination of the non-dormant seedsand to enhance germination of the dormantseeds, a series of studies with four dormantand 4 non-dormant varieties of rice (Oryza sativaL.) were undertaken. Non-dormant seeds were treated with ABA,MH, AMO-1618 and coumarin, none of themcould inhibit germination, but shoot growth wasretarded at different degree, among them, ABAshowed being the strongest growth retardant. There were no difference in the contentsof reducing sugars, pentoses, and o-diphenolsbetween dormant and non-dormant dry seeds.Among several enzymes, such as alpha-amylase,protease, G-6-P DH, catalase and peroxidase,only peroxidase was related to seed dormancy.It was shown a high peroxidase activity indormant seeds, mostly existed in rice hull;while peroxidase activity was low in non-dormant seed hull. Seed germination of dormant varieties wereenhanced by several compounds in the orderCN =N >NO =NH OH>NO >NH . Cy-anide salts at a concentration of 10 mM hadthe greatest ability to break the dormancywithout exerting any injuries to seedling growth.It was recommended that cyanide salt could beused as a dormancy-breaking agent in routinegermination test. The effect of dormancy-breaking by cyanidesalt might be caused by its inhibition of theperoxidase activity in rice hull. After-ripeningor high temperature drying also caused a reduc-tion in hull peroxidase activity. The possiblerole of hull peroxidase in rice dormancy wasdiscussed.
• 中文關鍵字： --
• 英文關鍵字： --