• 作者： 金魏漢馨；陳正宗；翁旺崧；徐劉瓊安；賴敏文；江慧娜；盧瑞茜
• 作者服務機構： 國立臺灣大學動物學系
• 中文摘要： 本實驗的目的乃研究鋅離子過量時，對於?胚發育之影響，結果顯示出醋酸鋅對?胚之半致死量?ι毫克，且?胚不論 是否畸形均會導致重量減輕，冠臀長度變短，但畸形率?很低。而發生變態的部位主要在肝，其次?趾彎曲，腹水腫與水腦 等現象。 醋酸鋅或鎘均使血紅素含量降低，但一起處理時，鋅對鎘並無拮抗作用。然而??可降低血紅素含量。醋酸鋅會抑制肝鹼性磷酸脂解?的活性（15%)但對腎及血液中該?的活性?有促進作用（45%與20%)醋酸鎘則不論是單獨或與鋅一起注 射均會抑制肝與腎鹼性磷酸脂解?的活性（25%與40%)醋酸鉛對肝鹼性磷酸脂解?沒有影響若與鋅一同處理亦有抑制作 用，而對於腎之該?的活性則不論單獨或與鋅共同處理均會發生抑制作用（20%與40%)。醋酸鋅對δ-胺基果糖酸去水? (ALAD)之活性沒有影響，但會拮抗由鉛所引起之抑制作用。醋酸鎘的劑量低於0.005毫克時對ALAD有促進作用，高於 此劑量反而會抑制。若鎘與鋅同時注射則鋅對鎘所引起之促進與抑制作用均有加成作用。 醋酸鋅或鉛均會促進腎萄葡糖-6-磷酸脂解?之活性而鎘之劑量高於0.015毫克才有促進作用。對於肝之該?的活性均 無影響，但若將鋅與鉛成鎘混合注射，則鋅可加?鉛或鎘腎葡萄糖-6-磷酸脂解?的促進作用（但對肝之該??沒有影響）。 此外，亦發現醋酸鎘可降低腎上腺維生素C的含量以及增高血漿中腎上腺皮質固酮的濃度。
• 英文摘要： These experiments were performed using fertilized white Leghorn eggs to study the effects of zinc acetate on chick embryogenesis and the interrelationships between zinc acetate and these two heavy metals. It was found that the LD50 of zinc acetate was close to 1 mg. In general both the normal and abnormal embryos of the zinc-treated groups showed reduction in body weight and crown-rump length. The incidence of abnormality was generally low, only 9.5% in 95 live embryos from the 1 mg group. The most common malformations occurred in the liver, followed by crooked digits, abdominal edema and hydrocephalus. Zinc and cadmium alone significantly lowered the hemoglobin concentration. As to the combined effect of these metals, zinc did not affect the effects of cadmium acetate at all. In the case of lead acetate at 0.02 mg, the addition of 0.5 mg zinc lowered the hemoglobin concentration. Zinc acetate alone inhibited hepatic alkaline phosphatase activity to about 85% of normal, but it enhanced renal enzyme activity to a maximum of 145% of normal at 0.4 mg and serum alkaline phosphatase 20% at 0.2 mg of zinc acetate. Cadmium alone or in combination with zinc reduced the alkaline phosphatase activity of both the liver (75% of control) and the kidney (60%). Lead acetate alone did not affect the alkaline phosphatase activity of the liver but in combination with zinc, its activity was inhibited. In the kidney, lead alone or with zinc exerted an inhibitory effect on enzymes. Zinc acetate had no significant inhibitory effect on the ALAD activity, and it had an antagonistic action on lead inhibitory effect on ALAD activity. Cadmium acetate alone below 0.005 mg/egg had a slightly stimulative effect on ALAD activity, but cadmium acetate at 0.015 mg/egg exerted inhibition. In the case of injection of 0.5 mg zinc acetate and cadmium acetate simultaneously, zinc acetate enhanced the stimulative and inhibitory effect elicited by cadmium acetate on the ALAD activity. Zinc or lead acetate alone both increased renal G6Pase activity, while cadmium enhanced renal G6Pase activity, only at 0.015 mg level. All three metals had no effect on this enzyme in the liver except cadmium at 0.015 mg. After treatment with combined cadmium and zinc acetate, there was a marked enhancement of renal G6Pase at low dose and a slight reduction at 0.005 mg cadmium but this returned to normal at higher cadmium doses. The combined effects of lead and zinc acetate on G6Pase showed that lead acetate enhanced enzyme activity in the kidney and slightly reduced activity in the liver. Thus, it indicated that zinc acetate had a protective effect against lead toxicity. In addition, cadmium acetate could reduce the adrenal ascorbic acid concentration and increase plasma corticosterone concentration.
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