• 作者： 林琬琬; 張丙龍; 李鎮源
• 作者服務機構： 國立臺灣大學藥理學科; 國立臺灣大學解剖學科
• 中文摘要： 非洲產 Naja mossambica mossambica 蛇毒中含有三種磷酯?甲(CM-Ⅰ, CM-Ⅱ 及 CM-Ⅲ)，其藥理作用尚未被研究
  。此三種?在低濃度均可引起間接溶血作用，但只有CM-Ⅲ對天竺鼠紅血球有直接溶血作用，且此直接溶血現象可被
  Heparin抑制。在小?二頸肌及小白鼠橫膈膜標本，發現此三種?除對鍵前神經作用外，對骨骼肌本身亦有毒性作用。
  在小?二頸肌，CM-Ⅱ 及 CM-Ⅲ會引起肌肉攣縮，抑制間接刺激收縮及降低外加乙醯膽素之攣縮反應。在小白鼠橫膈膜
  ，三種?均抑制間接及直接刺激收縮，且CM-Ⅱ及CM-Ⅲ亦有肌肉攣縮之現象發生。Heparin 先前處理只能對抗CM-Ⅲ
  之肌肉攣縮，而對CM-Ⅱ沒有影響。當注射於小鼠股肌內時，三種?均產生肌肉壞死的現象，且作用以CM-Ⅲ為最強。
  由上述結果得知，三種磷酯?甲對鍵前神經與骨骼肌均有毒性作用。D
• 英文摘要： The pharmacological properties of three phospholipases (CM-Ⅰ, CM-Ⅱ and CM-Ⅲ) purified fromNaja mossambica mossambica venom were studied. The order of their catalytic and indirect hemolyticpotencies was CM-Ⅰ= CM-Ⅱ > CM-Ⅲ. Among them, only CM-Ⅲ had a direct hemolytic action on theguinea-pig RBC, which was greatly inhibited by heparin. In the chick biventer cervicis nerve- muscle pre-paration, both CM-Ⅱ and CM-Ⅲ caused neuromuscular blockade with a gradual contracture and a decreasedsensitivity to ACh and KCI, whereas no complete neuromuscular block was observed with CM-Ⅰ up to 30μg/ml. In the mouse phrenic nerve-diaphragm preparation, these three abolished twitches evoked byindirect stimulation earlier than those by direct stimulation. Contracture was also produced by CM-Ⅱ andCM-Ⅲ. However only the latter was inhibited by pretreatment with heparin. These caused myone-crosis in the hind-leg muscle of the mouse when injected intramuscularly. From these results, it is conclud-ed that all of these are both neurotoxic and myotoxic.
• 中文關鍵字： Naja mossambica mossambica; phospholipase A2; hemolysis; neuromuscular transmission
• 英文關鍵字： --