- 作者： 陳阿煌
- 作者服務機構： 國立高雄師範學院化學系
- 中文摘要：
臺灣黃蘗含有生物鹼之種類，其樹皮、心材、樹枝及樹葉均含有第四級 Protoberberine-type
生物鹼之 Berberine 及 Palmatine，而樹皮、心材及樹枝均有第四級 Aporphine-type 生物鹼之
Magnoflorine 之存在，又在心材及樹皮發現含有第四級 Tetra-protoberberine-type 之生物鹼之
Phellodendrine，且從樹皮中分離得到分解產物 Guanidine，而第二及第三級生物鹼之含量甚微。
本植物生物鹼成分之含量，以 HPLC 做定量分析，結果顯示樹皮以 Berberine（4.501%）
最高，其次為 Palmatine, Magnoflorine 及 Phellodendrine，而心材依序為 Magnoflorine,
Palmatine, Berberine（0.036%）和 Phellodendrine，且樹枝為 Berberine（0.698%）, Palmatine
和 Magnoflorine。但樹葉之 Palmatine 為 Berberine（0.071%） 3.4倍（?高比）。
本研究使用 MeOH, EtOH, 95% EtOH, 1% Citric Acid∕MeOH, 1% AcOH/MeOH
和 1% HCl/MeOH 等七種溶劑，加以萃取本植物樹皮、心材、樹枝及樹葉之生物鹼成分，以
HPLC 做定量分析，顯示 Berberine, Palmatine Phellodendrine 及 Magnoflorine 之萃取率以
及 MeOH 為佳，但仍受本植物之樹皮、樹枝、樹葉及心材之影響。
本研究之 TLC-UV 法對 Berberine 之定量分析，以矽膠為吸附劑，而展開液為 BAW
（4:1:5），其迴歸方程式為 (方程式無法摘錄) ，為 Berberine 在波長 275nm 之吸光度
而為 Berberine 之濃度（μg/ml），相關係數γ＝0.993，結果顯示損失率頗高；而以 HPLC
法對 Berberine 之定量分析，以μ-Bondapak 為管柱，而洗液為氰甲烷：磷酸鹽緩衝液
（pH 5.2）＝3：2，其迴歸方程式為 (方程式無法摘錄) ，為 Berberine 之 Peak Height in
cm 而為 Berberine 之濃度（mg/2 ml）相關係數γ=0.995，結果顯示為最佳定量分析法
，可作為篩選本植物優良品種之依據。t - 英文摘要： The kinds of alkaloids in the bark, branch,leaf and heartwood of Phellodendron wilsoniiHay. et Kaneh. were examined and comparedwith authentic samples. The four parts of thisplant were found to contain berberine (B) andpalmatine (P) as the protoberberine-type quatern-ary bases. Its bark, branch and heartwoodrevealed the presence of magnoflorine (M) asthe aporphine-type quaternary base. However,its bark and heartwood were detected to containphellodendrine(Ph)of the tetraprotoberberine-typebase. From the isolation of the methanol ex-tract of its bark, quanidine of the decomposedproduct was obtained. But the amount of se-condary and tertiary bases in its bark was foundto be extremely small. A TLC-UV method and a HPLC methodwere developed for the determination of ber-berine in Phellodendron wilsonii Hay. et Kaneh.At the TLC-UV method on silica gel with thedeveloping solvent BAW (4:1:5), the regressionequation was (方程式無法摘錄) with coefficientof correlation γ＝0.993, were ＝absorbanceof berberine at 275nm and ＝concentrationof berberine in μg/ml. At the HPLC methodon a μ-Bondapark column wiht an eluentof acetonitrine: phosphate buffer (pH＝5.2)＝3:2,the regression equation was (方程式無法摘錄)with coefficient of correlation γ＝0.995, were＝peak height in cm and ＝concentrationof berberine (mg/2 ml). The results showed thatthe HPLC method for berberine quantitativeanalysis was better than the TLC-UV method. The alkaloid contents in the four parts ofthis plant by using the HPLC method withseven extract solvents indicated that the ordersof the relative amount were: (a) the bark:B(4.501%)＞P＞M＞Pb, (b) the branch: B(0.698%)＞P＞M, (c) the leaf: P＞B(0.71%) and (d) theheartwood: M＞B(0.036%)＞Ph. But the alkal-oid contents were affected by the used extractsolvents and its parts.
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