• 作者： 姜渝生; 王福裕
• 作者服務機構： 成功大學都市計劃研究所
• 中文摘要： 就個體經濟學觀點，消費者在不同的停車區位中作選擇，並決定停車位的消費數量（即停車延時），以追求個人效用之最大化。其中包含了間斷性選擇（停車區位選擇）與連續性選擇（停車延時需求），此二抉擇之決策係同時發生，且受到許多共同變數的影響。因此在分析上述問題時，如果視停車延時為停車區位選擇的外生變數，將使得模式校估所得的參數值產生偏誤。故本文企圖以混合間斷性／連續性選擇之模式，來描述停車區位選擇與停車延時需求聯合選擇的決策行為。 本文建立一停車需求之問接效用函數，並由同一間接效用函數推導停車區位選擇模式及停車延時需求模式。實證分析係使用高雄市中心商業區的停車行為調查資料。實證分析結果顯示，影響停車區位選擇的重要變數為停車費率、步行時間、教育程度、車位佔用率、以及方案大小變數等；而影響停車延時需求的變數有選擇修正項、停車費率、所得、以及旅行時間等，其中選擇修正項的參數值顯著異於零，顯示停車延時需求模式中確實存在著選擇性偏誤。研究結果顯示停車區位選擇模式與停車延時需求模式中有共同的影響變數，驗證本文「停車區位選擇與停車延時需求存在著相互影響關係」的假設，停車延時不應視為停車區位選擇的外生變數。
• 英文摘要： From micro economics point of view, an individual consumer chooses a parking location and decides thequantity of consumption (parking duration) to maximize his personal utility. The discrete choice of parkinglocation and the continuous choice of parking duration take place at the same time and are influenced by manycommon variables. Therefore, treating parking duration as an exogenous variable in parking location choicemodel would result in inconsistent estimates. This study tries to develop a mixed discrete/continuous choicemodel to describe the consumer behavior of the joint choice of parking location and parking duration. Weestablished an indirect utility function for parking demand, and derived parking location choice model andparking duration demand model from the same utility function. The empirical analysis was done using thesurvey data from Kaohsiung central business district area. Estimation results indicated that significantvariables influencing the choice of parking locations include parking fare, walking time, education level,occupation rate of parking lots, as well as size variables, and the major variables affecting parking duration areparking fare, income, travel time, as well as the selectivity correction term. The parameter of selectivitycorrection term is estimated to be significantly different from zero indicated that the selectivity bias does existin the parking duration demand model. And, parking location choice model and parking duration demandmodel have many common explanatory variables (such as parking fare, income, travel time, etc.). This provethe hypothesis this study suggested that parking location choice and parking duration demand are related toeach other. Therefore, parking duration should not be treated as an exogenous variable in parking locationchoice model.
• 中文關鍵字： 停車區位; 停車延時; 間斷性; 連續性; 巢式羅吉時模式
• 英文關鍵字： Parking location; Parking duration; Dicrete; Continuous; Nested logit model