• 作者： 洪佳章; 黃建忠
• 作者服務機構： 國立中山大學海洋地質研究所
• 中文摘要： 本研究探討鐵、錳、鎘、銅、鉛、鋅等微量元素在高屏河川、河口及近岸地區之地化分佈與輸送狀況。一般而言，在枯水期及豐水期中溶解性微量金屬之濃度在中游或下游地區均比上游地區高。溶解性微量金屬在河口地區，尤其在低鹽度地帶，鐵、銅、鉛均有明顯的移除現象發生，錳及鋅的移除現象不顯著，而鎘則未有明顯移除或添加的現象發生。各金屬元素在河口中間地帶均有最高濃度，其乃受到林園圳污水排放之影響，且此污染源可能擾動河川金屬元素在河口地區之地化反應。懸浮顆粒及沉積物金屬之分佈與溶解性金屬分佈具有相同之地域差異與人為影響程度。由地化累積指數可以看出懸浮顆粒與沉積物金屬之富集程度依序為Pb、Cd＞Cu、Zn＞Fe、Mn。 高屏河川中微量金屬元素主要經由懸浮顆粒之輸送，約占總輸送量之96％以上。顆粒性微量金屬元素之物種分佈因元素種類而異。鐵及鉛主要存在於鐵錳氧化物及礦物晶體中，錳則相當均勻分佈於除有機相外的各相中，銅則分佈於除可交換相外之各相，而在河口地區其有機相則有明顯增加趨勢，鋅主要分佈於碳酸鹽、鐵錳氧化物及礦物晶體相，鎘則分佈於可交換、鐵錳氧化物及礦物晶體相中。這些固相物種之分佈在河水及河口水中除銅之有機相外並無顯著的差異。利用箱型模式估算結果發現大約有三分之二由河川輸入的溶解性鐵、銅及大部份的錳、鉛、鋅以及過量的鎘均通過河口進入臺灣海峽，然而河川之顆粒性金屬卻有一半以上停留於河口中。因此河口中溶解相與顆粒相中金屬元素之質量差異部份相信已沉積於河口之沉積物中。另一方面高屏近岸地區微量金屬之分佈除受高屏河川影響外，亦可能受到鄰近高雄港、中洲及臨海海洋放流管及東港溪之污染物排放影響。
• 英文摘要： The geochemical distributions and transport modes of six trace metals (Fe, Mn, Cd, Cu, Pb and Zn)in the Kaoping riverine, estuarine and coastal waters were studied in the high-flow and low-flow seasonsMost of the studied metals were found with higher dissolved concentrations in either middle or downstream than those in the upper stream of the river in both flowing conditions. The riverine dissolvedmetals, with the exception of Cd, behaved non-conservatively in the estuary. Obvious removals for Fe, Cuand Pb and slight removals for Mn and Zn from solution were found in the initial mixing zone. However,there has no clear evidence to support either the removal or the addition for Cd. All metals revealed amaximum concentration in the mid-estuary, indicating an influence of pollutant input from the Linyuancanal Distributions of particulate and sediment metals showed a similar pattern in spatial variation andanthropogenic influence to those of dissolved metals. The enriched levels of particulate and sedimentmetals with reference to backgrounds (shale's metals) were found in a sequence of Pb, Cd > Cu Zn > Fe,Mn. Trace metals were mainly transported by suspended particulates, accounting for over 96% of totalgross fluxes. Particulate Fe and Pb are mostly concentrated in the Fe-Mn hydroxides and crystalline frac-tions. Particulate Mn, Cu, Zn and Cd distribute rather significantly, in addition to Fe-Mn hydroxides andcrystalline fractions, in exchangeable and carbonate phases, carbonate and organic phases, carbonate phase,and exchangeable phase, respectively. The particulate speciation, with the exception of Cu in the organicphase, shows little difference between riverwater and estuarine water. The net fluxes of dissolved metalsout of the estuary are modeled to be approximately two-thirds of the gross fluxes for Fe and Cu but mostof the gross fluxes for Mn, Pb and Zn. The modeled net flux of dissolved Cd, however, gives an excess ofthe gross input. Nevertheless, more than half of the gross fluxes of particulate metals are retained by theestuary. The imbalance of metals between the dissolved and particulate phases is thought to result frommetal deposition in the estuary. Trace metal distributions in the Kaoping coast are not simply affected bythe riverine fluxes but are also influenced by the other terrigenous sources neighboring the Kaoping estuary.
• 中文關鍵字： trace metals; distribution; transport; Kaoping river; estuary; coastal water
• 英文關鍵字： --