• 作者： 謝昱暲
• 作者服務機構： 中央研究院植物研究所
• 中文摘要： 本試驗就生育控制的觀點，以兩種氮肥氨態氮及硝酸態氮在生育前期追肥及穗肥，或單獨使用一種氮素肥料，或兩種氮肥交換使用等四種處理，用臺中65號、臺南5號及新竹矮腳尖等三水稻品種，在田間自然環境下，探討氨態氮與硝酸態氮對水稻群落光合作用構成因子，因子間的互相作用，以及產量形成過程的影響。結果獲致以下數點結論： 1. 水稻生育初期不能有效的利用硝酸態氮，葉片之氮素及葉綠素含量較低。 2. 氨態氮處理之分蘗數較硝酸態處理者為多，分蘗數的增加係由於氨態氮增進每苗的分蘗能力。 3. 營養生長期的葉面積指數以氨態氮處理者較大，因此影響水稻群落光合作用構成因子的表現。生育前期氨態氮促進作物生長率，而硝酸態增進淨同化作用，促進生育中期以後之生長。 4. 四種處理中，生育前期使用氨態氮肥者，不論穗肥氮素的種類，穗數及穎花數較多，而使用硝酸態氮肥者之千粒重及結實率較高。兩種氮肥對產量構成因素作用的相異，產量間無顯著差異。 5. 氨態氮及硝酸態氮對水稻生育的影響，以第二期作較為明顯。
• 英文摘要： According to the concept of growth control (方程式無法摘錄) and (方程式無法摘錄) fertilizers were applied aloneor alternately at the tillering stage and thepanicle development stage to the rice plantsgrown under field conditions. The effect of (方程式無法摘錄) and (方程式無法摘錄) on the changes and interac-tion of the plant factors constituting canopyphotosynthesis and on the process of yield-formation were investigated. Rice plants could not effectively use (方程式無法摘錄) at the initial growth stage. The nitrogen andchlorophyll contents of (方程式無法摘錄) treated plantswere lower than those of (方程式無法摘錄) treated plants. Vigorous tiller growth was found in the (方程式無法摘錄) treatment. The increase in the numberof tillers was due to the promotion of tilleringability by (方程式無法摘錄) The leaf area index was higher in (方程式無法摘錄) treatment. The performance of the plant factorsconstituting canopy photosynthesis was differentbetween (方程式無法摘錄) and (方程式無法摘錄) treatments. (方程式無法摘錄) increases the crop growth rate at the vegetativegrowth stage. (方程式無法摘錄) increased the unit leafrate, and therefore promoted the reproductivegrowth. (方程式無法摘錄) applied at the tillering stage, re-gardless of the form of nitrogenous fertilizersapplied at the panicle development stage,increased the number of panicles and spikelets,while (方程式無法摘錄) increased 1000-grain weight andfertility. It was found that the difference in theeffect of (方程式無法摘錄) and (方程式無法摘錄) on the growthperformance of the rice plant was more pro-nounced in the second crop season.
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