• 作者： 黃世琤
• 作者服務機構： 國立中正大學心理學系
• 中文摘要： 本研究探討三種中國人寬恕類型在寬恕歷程中的情緒反應。恩萊寬恕發展理論中之第二階段受試者（代償式寬恕）和第五階段受試者（尋求社會和諧）與第六階段受試者（寬恕即愛）比較。這些受試者在過去三年中均曾經歷過個人衝突的事件且以寬恕的方式解決。他們分別在衝突的型態·嚴重性及發生時間長短以及年齡、性別、教育程度和職業加以配對。三組受試者在自陳式問卷和血壓測量所表現出之壓抑性負面情緒反應沒有差異。第五階段受試者較第二階段受試者表現出較少的隱抑式笑容，而第二和第六階段受試者間與第五和第六階段受試者間沒有差異。然而語言干擾反應的分析則指出第二階段受試者在回憶過去衝突時較第六階段受試者經驗較多的焦慮或是負面情緒。總而言之，這些結果顯示(一)即使三種類型受試者皆稱已經寬恕，他們的情緒反應並不相同，(二)寬恕者可以利用別於“寬恕即愛”的途徑來解決衝突和降低負面情緒。
• 英文摘要： The present study examined the emotional consequences of forgiving among three types of Chineseforgivers. Subjects at the second (“restitutional forgiveness”）and fifth (“seeking social harmony”）stagesof forgiveness were compared with those at Stage 6（“forgiveness as love”）. Subjects were matched interms of type, severity, and length of the respective personal conflicts as well as age, gender, education,and occupation. No differences were found between Stage 2, 5 and 6 subjects in terms of the self-reportor blood pressure measures of suppressed negative affects. Stage 5 subjects exhibited fewer masking smilesthan Stage 2 subjects, but no differences were found on this measure between either Stage 2 and 6 or Stage5 and 6 subjects. However, analyses of speech disturbance ratios (SDRs) seem to suggest that Stage 2subjects experienced more anxiety or negative emotions than their Stage 6 counterparts when reexperiencingpast personal conflicts. These results suggest that (a) emotional consequences are not identical among thethree types of forgivers (even through they may claim to have forgiven), and (b) forgivers may be able toresolve conflicts and reduce negative emotions via additional routes besides“forgiving as love.”
• 中文關鍵字： forgiveness;restitution; social harmony
• 英文關鍵字： --