- 作者： 金肇源; 顏吉甫
- 作者服務機構： 國立中興大學農藝學系
- 中文摘要：
生產函數即表示產品與生產資源間之數量關係，本研究係應用效應曲面法分析之，以明瞭其
間之關係，得結果如下：
1. 高粱子實收量資料經變方分析結果，選取因子效果顯著者酩合如下之複?歸方程式：
台中一號： ＝ 6,461.241-47.227S+32.16N-0.1019 ………………………(1)
台中三號： ＝ 4,948.217-31.166S+14.7817N-0.0444 …………………… (2)
金門選三號： ＝ 3,552.5118-15.5138S+9.4517N-0.0182 ……………… (3)
上列式中， 為子實收量推算值（公斤∕公頃），S 為種植行距（公分），N 為氮素肥料（公斤／公
頃）。式(1)、(2)及(3)之復?歸決定係數 分別為0.9051，0.84 及 0.9478，此表示氮肥與
種植行距因子對台中一號、台中三號及金門選三號子實收量之變異為91%，84%及95%。不
同變級之氮肥及種植行距對各品種子實收量之效應，均以氮肥者為大，故增施氮肥有利生產。
2. 分析等量曲線，生產定量產品，可由各種不同變級的氮肥與行距配合。同時欲擭得高收
量時，單位面積內一定株數及較多氮肥施量是生產過程中所必備之條件。
3. 當氮肥的邊際產量等於零，估得雜交高粱台中一號、台中三號及金門選三號在種植行距
固定50公分下子實最高收量分別為6,637.34、4,620.202 及 4,001.26公斤／公頃，而其
最適當氮肥用量則分別為 157.802、166.461 及 259.093公斤／公頃。
4. 子實蛋白質含量百分率品種間以台中三號較高（12.3701），台中一號最低（10.5222）
。處理效應以氮肥為主，即增施氮肥有助于高粱子實蛋白質之提高。
5. 產量構成因素之穗長、穗重及千粒重對處理反應，氮肥增施有利於穗重、穗長之增進，
而千粒重表現適得其反；行距影響，惟穗重稍受差異，亦僅于較大行距始表現效應。 - 英文摘要： Production function expresses the fun-ction of quantitative relationship between resource inputs and product output. The dataare fitted to the quadratic model by multipleregression. The results are summarized asfollows:1. The quadratic prediction equations fitted by the factors having statistically sig- nificant effects on grain yield are: Taichung-l of hybrid sorghum: ＝6,461.241-47.227S + 32.16N - 0.1019 ……………………… (1) Taichung-3 of hybrid sorghum: ＝4.948.217-31/166S + 14.7817N - 0.0444 …………………………(2) Chin Men Selected-3: ＝3,552.5118-15.5138S + 9.4517N - 0.01824 …………………………(3) In the above equations, refers to predicted grain yield in kgs per hectare; S the row- interval with cm and N the kgs of nitrogen per hectare. The values for the equation (1), (2) and (3) Were 0.9051,0.84 and 0.9478, respec- tively. Thus, different rates of S and N explained up to about 91%, 84% and 95% reshectively of the variation of grain yield in various species. There- withal, the grain yield response to N was greater than the response to S. Therefore, increases in grain yield were attributed to addition of nitrogenfertili- zation in all species.2. The isoquants showed that therewere many combinations of rates of S and N which could be used to produce a given grain yield. For maximum grain yield was attained by increasing number of plants per unit area and by giving more nitrogen fertilizer.3. The estimated optimum combination of S and N giving maximum grain yield (under plant row- interval fixed to 50 cm condition) is obtained by calculating the marginal qroduction of these equa- tions (1), (2) and (3)with respect to nitrog- en, thereafter then set it equal to zero and solved simultaneously. A grain yield of 6,637.34, 4,620.202 and 4,001.26 kgs of per hectare for Tachung-1,3 and Chin Men Selected-3 respectively, is ob- tained as a maximum grain yield when these values (157.802, 166.461 and 259.093 kgs per hectare of N) are substituted into the equation (1), (2) and (3), respectively.4. The data showed that addition of nitro- gen fertilizer increased the protein cont- ent of grain and also found that signifi- cant differences existed between hybrids.5. Grain yield constructed by the factors of panicle length, panicle weight and weight of 1,000 seeds. It appeared that panicle length and weight increased with the addition of nitrogen fertilizer, but weight of 1,000 seeds decreased. Thereto, in the response to plant row- interval test, only panicle weight was affected significantly under a wide row- interval condition.
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