• 作者： 陶晉生; 鮑家麟
• 作者服務機構： 亞里桑那大學東亞學系
• 中文摘要： 本文以北宋三家文集中的士族婦女傳記（墓誌）為基礎，探討北宋婦女生活的實況。北宋士族間通婚頻繁，婦女出嫁後，主要功能為傳宗接代，侍奉公婆，主持夫家之內務，敦睦族人，及教育子女，女子平均婚齡為十八歲，平均壽命三十七歲。平均生子女六人以上，男多於女。就本文所根據之資料而言，夫死後寡婦再嫁之例不多。與同時期歐洲婦女比較，宋代士族婦女似壽命較長，生子女亦較多。
• 英文摘要： This paper examines the biographies of women preserved in the form of epitaphs in threecollected works as samples to analyze the role of elite women during the Northern Sung period.The shih-tsu (elite families) maintained their social standing through marriage alliances. Aftermarriage, the women's main duties were to raise and educate children, to serve their husbandsand in-laws, and to be helpful to members of their husbands' clans. Their average age atmarriage was eighteen, and their average life span was thirty-seven years. If they did not dieyoung, they most likely bore more than six children each. The sample shows only a few casesof remarriage of widows. In both China and Europe, women's ages at marriage were about thesame, but it appears that Chinese women lived a little longer and that Chinese families hadmore children.
• 中文關鍵字： 士族; 婦女; 傳記; 墓誌; 婚姻; 教育; 婚齡; 壽命; 守節; 再嫁; 妾
• 英文關鍵字： --