• 作者： 陳慧璘; 曾德賜; 陳?紀
• 作者服務機構： 臺灣省菸酒公賣局菸葉試驗所病蟲害系; 美國加州大學Davis分校植物病理系; 國立中興大學植物病理系
• 中文摘要： 葡萄黃化萎縮病發生於臺中縣草湖菸葉試驗所葡萄品種保留區中，受害植株矮化，葉片黃化或散生黃色斑點，秋季末期，病徵更為明顯，葉片皺縮變形，葉緣深陷，有時還出現褐色壞疽斑點及白色帶狀葉綠，果實之品質、產量均嚴重受到影響。 病組織汁液陰染標本，於電子顯微鏡下檢視，可看到直徑75-94 nm之球形粒子，粒子中央部份電子密度較高，外圍顏色較淺，成一環狀，此種毒素粒子極易遭破壞而變形。病葉超薄切片經電子顯微鏡觀察，於葉肉細胞內，發現毒素粒子單獨分散於細胞質中或成叢聚集於大型膜狀構造內，粒子球形，具有外膜，直徑約為82nm。膜狀構造形狀變化極大，由橢圓形到不規則形，直徑由幾倍毒素粒子到2～3um，其構造頗似內質網的延長。以上觀察之病毒特性均與為害其他作物之Tomato spotted wilt virus相吻合。在世界葡萄栽培上，此種毒素之為害，尚屬首次發現。
• 英文摘要： An unreported virus disease of grapevine wasfound in the vineyard of the Tobacco ResearchInstitute, Taichung, Taiwan. The characteristicsymptoms were yellowing and dwarfing of theaffected plants. Infected leaves became chloro-tic and mottled, frequently displayed yellow spotsin the spring. In the late autumn leaves weremalformed, with deep cuts on the margins,surrounded by a yellow strike. Sometimesnecrotic lesions also occurred on the deformedleaves. Spherically enveloped particles, about 83 nmin diameter, were found in dip preparationsof infected leaves. The particles were unstable,sometimes becoming empty or dumb bell-shaped.No comparable particles were observed inpreparations from healthy controls. Ultrathin sections of the infected leaf tissuesrevealed spherical or elliptical virus particles,about 82 nm in diameter, scattered in the cy-toplasm or occurring in clusters within amembrane-bounded structure. This structurevaried from elliptical to irragular in shape andranged from a size about 3-4 folds of the virusparticle to the very large ones up to 2-3 um indiameter. The membrane had some similaritiesto the endoplasmic reticulum. Based on morphology, the virus associatedwith yellow dwarf of grapevine in the presentstudy appears to be closely related to thetomato spotted wilt virus infecting other plants.However, the disease reported herein was notsap-transmissible to a range of herbaceous plants.The yellow dwarf disease has not been reportedon grapevine previously and appears to be anew disease.
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