- 作者： Garten, Rainer P.H.
- 作者服務機構： Max-Planck-Inst. fur Metallforschung Stuttgart, Labor fur Reinststoffanalytik, Bunsen-Kirchhoff-Strasse, Dortmund, Germany
- 中文摘要：
Selected prominent problems in the analysis of advanced ceramic materials are surveyed. The importance of reliability of results is discussed in the field of elemental trace- and microanalysis in view of its interaction with economy, power of detection, local resolution and speciation selectivity. Particular problems in the analysis of major constituents, trace components and microlocal distributions are based on the striking properties of ceramics; they are exemplified. Analytical assistance must start from the beginning of the production processing, in the preparation of the powdered base materials. Determination of the stoichiometry requires high accuracy and differentiation of chemical species in bulk and surface analysis of ceramic base powders. Element trace determination by direct instrumental methods requires standard reference materials for calibration; these are currently inavailable in a sufficient variety. For optimum reliability and power of detection, element traces must be prepared in isolated form in a small excitation volume for analysis.
A review on the state-of-the-art of wet-chemical combined procedures is presented. Decomposition position procedures are emphasized, due to their risk of contributing severe systematic error. Combustion in elementary fluorine is presented for decomposition of refractory materials. The performance of some direct procedures is discussed. Very efficient methods are available for element trace determinations in ceramic materials, offering high detection power. Several approaches for high-resolution local microanalysis in non-conductive ceramic materials are identified as the most promising development in the analysis of sintered compact ceramic products and devices. - 英文摘要： --
- 中文關鍵字： Stoichiometry; Trace Analysis; Accuracy; Carrier Gas Heat Extraction; Matrix Separation; Microprobe Technique
- 英文關鍵字： 計量學；微量分析；準確度；載送氣體熱萃取；基質分離；微探針技術
