• 作者： 楊通軒
• 作者服務機構： Relations Department of Chinese Culture University Taipei, Taiwan, R.O.C.
• 中文摘要： The labor policy in the Republic of China behind collective labor laws is still state corporatism consisting of strict intervention and control with respect to labor unions and employers or employer's organizations. This kind of labor policy obviously disagrees with the principles of collective labor laws which emphasize that labors and employers both parties as clients of social autonomy should negotiate labor and economic conditions on their own by means of autonomy of collective agreement (Tarifautonomie). To clarify the role of the state in labor-capital disputes and to avoid inadequate legislative, judicial, or administrative interventions in such disputes, this paper delves into the essence of the state neutrality principle. Above all, the interdependence among the state neutrality principle, collective agreement autonomy and parity principle is the most important. The tripartite relations is intercorrelated and inseparable. To provide theoretical explanations for the state neutrality principle, collective agreement autonomy and parity principle, the paper quotes a verdict made by the German Federal Constitutional Court on July 4, 1995, with respect to the constitutionality of the Article 116 of employment promotion law as a strong corroboration to our argument.
• 英文摘要： 我國集體勞動法背後之勞工政策，係採取對於包括工會及雇主或雇主團體嚴格干預、管制之國家統合主義 (corporatism)。此一勞工政策，顯然與講求勞資雙方以社會自治當事人身分、利用團體協約自治 (Tarifautonomie) 自行協商、爭議勞動條件與經濟條件的集體勞動法的原理原則不合。為了釐清國家在勞資爭議中所應扮演的角色，避免其不當地以立法、司法或行政等方式涉入爭議之中，本文乃針對有關國家中立原則之問題加以探討。其中尤其重要者為國家中立原則與團體協約自治、對等原則之關係。這三者是息息相關的，無法割裂觀察。對於國家中立原則與團體協約自治、對等原則之理論說明，本文以為可以德國聯邦憲法法院1995年7月4日關於勞動促進法第116條第3項第1句是否違憲的判決，來做為全文論理的佐證。
• 中文關鍵字： state corporatism; the state neutrality principle; collective labor relation; collective agreement autonomy(Tarifautonomie); parity principle; German Federal Constitutional Court; German Employment Promotion Law; disputes on matters of adjustment; disputes on matters of rights
• 英文關鍵字： 國家統合主義；國家中立原則；集體勞動關係；團體協約自治；對等原則；德國聯邦憲法法院；德國勞動促進法；調整事項爭議；權利事項爭議