- 作者: 王業鈞
- 作者服務機構: 海軍官校
- 中文摘要: 本研究是以一個半一次元,有降水·有時序的積雨雲模式,完成了兩個數值實驗:一個是假設地面有一熱點,也就是一較小面積,因日照及液態水的蒸發,而使此小面積上之空氣變熱變濕;另一實驗則係假設有一廣大面積變成熱濕。在前一實驗中,熱點之上可產生一積雨雲並降雨,但降雨後,即不能再產生新雲,熱點已被所降之雨水冷卻。但在第二實驗中,卻可產生一連串下雨的積雨雲“此乃因地面空氣層面積廣大,故可繼續不斷,並且無限制的供應可感熱能及潛熱能。從此兩實驗的結果,我們已獲知:如須下雨的雲連續的產生,除引發積雨雲的上升氣流及其他條件外,一個極不穩定,熱而濕的地面空氣層的存在亦為一必要條件。
- 英文摘要: Using a quasi-one-dimensional, time-dependent, precipitation, cumuluscloud model, two numerical experiments have been performed:one assumesthere is a hot spot on the earth surface, or a relatively small area, is heatedand moistened by insolation and evaporation. while the other assumes a vastarea. Above the hot spot, a cumulus rain cloud has been produced, but af-ter the hot spot has been cooled down by the cool rain and cool downdraft,cloud activity ceases, because the hot spot is no longer hot. In the lattercase, however,it is found that rain clouds can be formed periodically, be-cause the supply of heat and latent energy is continuous and unlimited.Hence, it is proved in this studay that besides the triggering upward motion and other conditions, for the re-generation of new rain cloud , the presenceof a vast and very unstable surface layer is a necessary condition.
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