• 作者： 莊英章
• 作者服務機構： 中央研究院民族學研究所
• 中文摘要： 所謂童養媳婚，一般意指兒女在未達到成年時便被父母先訂了婚約，將女孩先送到男家撫養，作為小媳婦，等到男女雙方當事人都屆成年再擇日完婚，這種形式下的女孩便是童養媳。 根據A.Wolf和C.S.Huang（1980）在台北海山的研究，童養媳婚是一種極為普遍的婚姻。一般認為童養媳婚的流行與經濟有密切的關係，即「窮」是一個相當關鍵的因素。 頭份陳家的族譜資料，雖不足以說明童養媳婚的普遍流行，以及討論Westermarck的婚姻理論假設，但陳家的童養媳婚個案仍然是相當有價值的民族誌資料，這些資料正提供鉅視研究所不足之處。很顯然地，貧窮並不足以說明童養媳婚的普遍流行。童養媳未婚夭逝，其神主牌位被供奉於廳堂的祖先牌位內，以及透過童養媳婚可提早建立兩家的姻親關係，也都是促成童養媳婚普遍流行的原因。
• 英文摘要： T'ung-yang-hsi marriage generally refers to a situation in which a boy and a girl are engagedto be married before they reach their maturity and in which the girl is sent to the boy's family tobe raised. She is a hsiao-hsi-fu, a "little daughter-in-law." After the boy and girl have grown up, aday is chosen and the marriage is formally recognized. According to the research which Wolf and Huang (1980) did in Hai-shan, Northern Taiwan,t'ung-yang-hsi marriages were a very popular form of marriage in Taiwan. It is usually thoughtthat the pervasiveness of t'ung-yang-hsi marriage and economic factors are intimately related,and that 'poverty' is a crucial factor. Although the data from the Ch'en genealogy are not sufficient to explain the pervasiveness oft'ung-yang-hsi marriage and the debate about the Westermarck hypothesis, the cases of t'ung-yang-hsi marriage in the Ch'en family are still useful ethnographic data. The data supplementplaces where the macro-study data are not complete. It is very clear that poverty is not thecomplete explanation for the popularity of t'ung-yang-hsi marriage. The explanations concerningthe worship of t'ung-yang-hsi ancestor tablets and the early establishment of affininal relationsare based here upon an initial inspection of the Ch'en family data.
• 中文關鍵字： daughter-in-law; major marriage; minor marriage; t'ung-yang-hsi
• 英文關鍵字： --