• 作者： 林仁混; 黃貽翰; 李伉雯; 蕭水銀
• 作者服務機構： 國立臺灣大學醫學院生化學研究所與藥理學研究所
• 中文摘要： 本研究利用鼠肝微粒體之代謝活化與沙內菌變種TA97, TA98, TA100, TA1535, TA1537，與TA1538來測定各種
  雙?啶衍生物之致突變能力。Paraquat是世界各國常用的殺草劑，它的毒力一直是很受關切。它是由?啶合成而來的，
  在其製造過程中產生許多異構物。Paraquat之前身4, 4'-雙?啶對TA1535與TA1538有輕微之致突變能力，但其異構物
  2, 2'-; 3, 3'-; 2, 3'-;與2,4'-雙?啶則具稍高的致突變能力。同時也發現2, 2', 2"-三?啶也具有致突變能力，由此點提
  示更高分子的?啶衍生物也可能具有致突變能力。由雙?啶甲基化衍生物之作用曲線顯示，其濃度愈高，則其致突變力
  之增加愈為快速，建議此類化合物在作用過程擔當接觸作用；可能經由電子傳遞而產生氧分子之自由基團（O2-）之結果，
  此點有待進一步之求證。m
• 英文摘要： The Salmonella/microsome assay with strains TA97, TA98, TA100, TAI535, TAI537 and TA1538was used to examine the potential mutagenicity of 5 dipyridyls, 1 tripyridyl, 3 dipyridinium diiodides and2 pyridinium monoiodides. The widely used herbicide paraquat (1, 1-dimethyl-4,4'-dipyridinium diiodide)and its precursor 4,4'-dipyridyl gave weak and marginal mutagenic activity to Salmonella typhimuriumTA1535 and TA1538 in the presence of S9-mix. Significantly high mutagenicity was obtained with 2,2'-,3,3'-, 2,3'-, and 2,4'-dipyridyls, 2,2',2"-tripyridyl, and 5 pyridinium salts under the same conditions. Thepositive mutagenic response of 2,2',2"-tripyridyl suggests that higher polymers of pyridine contaminatingparaquat preparations might be mutagenic. The dose-response curves of 1,1-dimethyl-3,3'-dipyridiniumdiiodide and 1,1'-dimethyl-2,2'-dipyridinium diiodide revealed an exponential relationship between thenumber of induced revertants and the compound concentrations. The results suggested that the mechanismof mutation induced by these two compounds might be attributed to the chain reactions of their free-radicals with molecular oxygen.
• 中文關鍵字： dipyridyls; polypyridyls; pyridinium iodides; paraquat; mutagenicity
• 英文關鍵字： --