- 作者: 許敏桃
- 作者服務機構: 高雄醫學大學護理學院護理學研究所
- 中文摘要: This comprehensive review of studies on elderly caring among Taiwanese families has demonstrated that: (1) there has been a lack directly focusing on elderly people's responses to nursing homes; (2) the profile of so-called "family adaptation" in elderly caregiving was mostly drawn from only one of the family members. In order to gain a more complete understanding of the care of the elderly, the author recommends to adopt a holistic perspective in the future studies of institutionalizing the elderly parents in nursing homes. That is, understanding how the family members gain a psychosocial equilibrium through the interaction of culture, significant others and the self of the family members. The author suggests to devote the efforts to (1) the elderly parents' subjective experiences living in the nursing home; (2) all family members' adaptation to the decision of institutionalizing; and (3) how the offspring cope with the burden and psychological conflict as a potential consequence of institutionalization.
- 英文摘要: 本文旨在藉由國內外老人照顧研究的回顧及評析,瞭解目前研究的趨勢及內涵,並提出未來進行臺灣漢人老人照顧中的家庭適應研究的方向及建議。在臺灣人口逐漸老齡及經濟社會快速變遷的過程中,漢人傳統的家庭價值如何因應老人照顧的負擔是值得探討的問題。但在完整地回顧過去的研究後,作者歸納出兩點缺失:(1)很少研究探討老人本身對護理之家的感受;(2)對照顧者的研究大多以一個家庭成員為對象,很少顧及整個家庭成員的決策過程與適應方式。基於人類學的文化主位(emic)及全貌觀(holism),本文建議在研究老人照顧問題時,應該以受照顧老人本身的感受為重心,並以整個家庭的適應為主軸,探討漢人家庭將家中老人送往「護理之家」的決策過程中,家庭成員如何在自我、文化及有意義的他人三個層面現象的互動中,尋找意義與身心的平衡,並共同合作面對傳統家庭價值在社會變遷下產生的無奈與衝突;家庭成員如何運用情感式及工具式資源,以彌補、重整或平衡將老齡家人送入護理之家所帶來的改變;家庭網絡的調整;角色、職責的替補;情緒的流動及處理;並重現臺灣家庭在特殊的文化脈絡中,如何因應社會變遷所帶來的對待老邁親人方式的改變,以及在因應過程中,被照顧者及照顧者的情緒與整體適應狀況。
- 中文關鍵字: elderly caregiving, family adaptation, nursing home, anthropology of nursing
- 英文關鍵字: 老人照顧,家庭適應,護理人類學,護理之家