• 作者： Chaung, T.Z.; Clarke, W.; Epstein, A.et al.
• 中文摘要： 利用非水溶劑來萃取整個發酵溶液是經濟地分離生物產品之可行方式, 在抗生素的分離程序之發展中, 有許多有興趣的分離問題被考慮, 這些問題被結合於整體溶液/溶劑萃取時多相接觸現象及緊接著的萃取/純化之體系中, 穩定的乳化現象常常被考慮肇因於複雜的混合物, 其中含有固體及許多具表面活性的化合物, 乳化能夠因為機械剪力及pH值的改變而產生, 由於其對於分離的影響, 因此一個包含由pH值控制固定溶液性質及使用熱與介面活性劑去乳化的方法被成功地發展,若是有固體存在, 整個發酵液的溶劑萃取受非常溫度的影響, 無論如何, 在緊接著的萃取/純化步驟中, 固體含量很少或全無, 加熱對於打破乳化小有助益, 而且介面活性劑或鹽類對於去乳化即變得非常重要, 實驗數據被展示來表示pH值, 機械剪力, 介面活性劑濃度, 以及溫度對分離特性的效應, 在實驗工廠( pilot plant)的實驗中使用Westfalia 萃取瓶, 以及各種液---液萃取裝置亦被討論。
• 英文摘要： Extraction of whole fermentation broth with a water-immiscible solvent is an economically viable route for bioproduct isolation. During the development of an antibiotic isolation process, many interesting separation problems have been encountered, which are associated with multiphase contacting phenomena in the whole broth/solvent extraction and the subsequent extraction/purification scheme . Stable emulsions are frequently encountered due to the nature of the complex mixture which contains solids and many surface active compounds. Emulsions can be generated by mechanical shear as well as by changes in pH. To effect the separations, a broth pretreatment technique has been successfully developed including the fixation of broth properties by pH control and the application of heat and surfactants for demulsification. Temperature is found to greatly affect the separation in the solvent extraction of the whole fermentation broth where solids are present. However, for subsequent extraction/purification steps where the solids content is small or nil, heating helps little in breaking the emulsion, and surfactants or salts become the most important tools for demulsification. Experimental data are presented to show the effects of pH, mechanical shear, surfactant concentration, and temperature, on separation characteristics. Experiences in the pilot plant using the Westfalia extractive decanter and various liquid-liquid extraction devices are also discussed.
• 中文關鍵字： 溶劑萃取; 純化; 抗生隔離; 反乳化作用; 發酵乳化; 分離
• 英文關鍵字： Solvent Extraction; Purification; Antibiotic Isolation; Demulsification; Fermentation; Emulsion; Separation