• 作者： 王天美
• 作者服務機構： 國防醫學院生物形態學系
• 中文摘要： 環磷酸醯胺（cyclophosphamide）係一種烷基抗腫瘤藥對 Burkitt's 淋巴瘤，惡性肉芽腫瘤（Hodgkin's disease）和
  淋巴肉瘤等惡性疾病有特殊療效。它有免疫抑制劑的性質對移植器官的遲緩過敏及排斥有控制的作用。又對純紅血球無再
  生性貧血症（pure red cell aplasia）有促進紅血球生成（erythropoiesis）的作用。環磷酸醯胺在臨床上雖常用來治療上
  述疾病，但它對骨骼組織之影響到目前尚沒有文獻報告。本研究旨在以 20 mg/kg/day 的環磷酸醯胺每天行腹腔內注射於
  大白鼠身上，並在既定時間內（第一天，第五天，第十天）分別將動物犧牲之。在第五天和第十天的動物組於犧牲的前三
  天依其體重以靜脈內注射的方式給予15mg/kg的四環黴素（tetracycline HC1），另所有動物在犧牲前一小時均依其重量
  給予1.0 Ci/gm 的放射性胸腺嘧啶核?（tritiated thymidine）行皮下注射之。觀察及計量環磷酸醯胺對生長期大白鼠骨
  骼組織的影響。發現環磷酸醯胺可致脛骨近側端生長軟骨板的細胞總數，軟骨細胞標誌指數和軟骨內化骨生長（endochon-
  dral growth）的減少以及軟骨細胞形態的改變，而生長軟骨板厚度只在處理第十天的動物組才有意義的改變；此表示環
  磷酸醯胺可能對原始軟骨綑胞（chondrocyte progenitor cells）的分裂及分化有抑制或遲緩的作用。環磷酸醯胺對脛骨
  近側幹?端造骨細胞總數，原始造骨細胞標誌指數和破骨細胞內平均含核數都有意義的減低，且隨著處理時間的加長而減
  低的數目愈明顯。另外它對破骨細胞總數，硬組織百分比和骨小樑面周綠亦有減低的趨勢。由上述結果知環磷酸醯胺可使
  長骨幹?端的骨中細胞和硬組織量減少，且隨著處理時間的增加其減少量愈顯著；此表示環磷酸醯胺可能有抑制骨生成（
  bone formation）和骨吸收（bone resorption）的作用。
  c
• 英文摘要： One hundred and twenty gram male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into groups which were in-jected daily for 1, 5, or 10 days with vehicle [control group] or 20 mg/kg/day of cyclophosphamide[CTX, endoxan, cytoxan]. The proximal tibial metaphyses and epiphyses were assayed for changes in bonecell factors. After one day of treatment with 20 mg CTX/kg/day, there were no changes in the cells of the pro－ximal tibia. After five days of treatment with CTX, there was a decrease in the number of chondrocytesand in the labeling index of chondrocytes of the epiphyseal cartilage plate as well as a decrease in thenumber of osteoblasts, in the labeling index of osteoprogenitor cells and in the average number of nucleiper osteoclast of the tibial metaphyses. After ten days of treatment with CTX, the number and the labelingindex of chondrocytes decreased and the thickness of the epiphyseal plate decreased. There were alsodecreases in the number of osteoblasts and the osteoblast density on the bone surface, decreases in thenumber of osteoclasts, the osteoclast density on bone surfaces, and the average nuclei per osteoclast, anddereases in the bone surface perimeter of the tibial metaphyses. These histomorphometric findings showedthat the cytotoxic effect of CTX exerts an influence on cellular division of bone cells. These observationsdemonstrated that CTX might inhibit both bone formation and bone resorption.
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