• 作者： 蔡淑鈴; 麥朝成
• 作者服務機構： 中央研究院社會學研究所籌備處; 中央研究院中山人文社會科學研究所
• 中文摘要： 臺灣在七○年代經濟快速成長時，所得分配也相對的平等，這項成就常被認為是「經濟奇蹟」。然而，到了八○年代以後，所得分配愈來愈不平等的徵兆開始出現。由八○年代到九○年代，臺灣之勞工與農民的工作所得和其他階級的差距是否愈來愈大呢？又，隨著所得分配不均度的擴大，教育對於薪資取得的重要性有無變遷呢？本文使用1980年與1992年的家庭收支調查資料，並從社會階層分化的角度來探討這些問題。我們分析22,523個男性戶長的工作所得及其階層位置，結果發現省籍差異已經式微了，但是臺灣農民長久以來的劣勢並未改善。另外，在1992年時，人力資本累積對於薪資取得的影響力比在1980年時更加的重要，尤其是對於白領階級的男性而言，教育所帶來之經濟回報特別的顯著。
• 英文摘要： Taiwan attained a relatively equitable distribution of income in the midst of rapid economic growth during the1970s. However, signs of increasing inequality have emerged since the 1980s. To what extent has the growth of manualand farm wages failed to keep up with the growth of other types of wages? Has the relative disadvantage suffered bythose who have not versus those who have gotten worse over time? And has the role played by education in the deter-mination of earnings declined in importance as inequality in income distribution has enlarged? Using infornation ob-tained from social surveys, we estimate trends in earnings inequality between 1980 and 1992 by applying central con-cepts of social stratification to the analysis of men's earnings. We find a declining effect of ethnicity, coexisting withthe long-lasting disadvantage of farmers. In addition, there was a rise in the importance of human capital accumulationover time, and men in white-collar occupations enjoyed especially high returns to education.
• 中文關鍵字： 薪資取得; 職業地地; 階級; 教育報酬
• 英文關鍵字： earnings determination; occupational status; class; earnings returns to education