• 作者： 哈曼;克麗斯汀
• 作者服務機構： 維也納大學地理學系
• 中文摘要： 本文檢討使用地貌製圖方法協助科學的地景評價的應用情形。分辨真實地景與識覺地景是必要的第一步。因為前者的物理性質都可以容易地量取；而後者卻是在觀景人心中記載的印象。理想上，我們應當評估的是識覺的地景品質。但是科學上量取這種識覺地景的方法，迄今仍停留在問卷調查的階段。這種方法不僅困難昂貴，而且不易組織。 本研究嚐試建立一個調查地貌品質的新方法，它主要是根據測繪地景元素（包括地貌、植被、人為地物等），並伴隨著後來的統計分析。 研究地區是奧地利的Obertauern，該地主要呈現高山地形。在這兒我們選擇了三個冰斗做為精密調查的對象。340份問卷是來訪遊客提供的基本資料，據以評估識覺地景品質。 問卷分析的結果指示遊客偏好其中兩個冰斗，但是理由不同。我們的假設是人們對景觀的偏好與真實景觀的性質有關，例如它能顯示資訊的質與量（複雜性），以及這些資訊的易讀性等。後者包含空間一致性，以及和鄰近地景元素間的和諧程度。 隨後的研究主要針對辨認各種地景元素，以及調查它們之間的次序或結構。在野外現址，由於在森林線之上，主要的地景元素是地貌的，僅有少數植被和人為構造物。 根據一萬分之一航空照像和地面調查測繪了冰斗，製作了成果圖，使筆者得以依據它們的複雜性和易讀性劃分地景等級。分析的結果和問卷調查的結果十分符合。這種調查方法，明顯地優於傳統的方法。
• 英文摘要： This paper examines how geomorphological mapping can help in the scientific evaluationof landscape, which can be viewed as both real landscape (whose physical attributes are rela-tively easy to measure) and perceived landscape (the impression recorded in the mind of theobserver). Scenic quality assessment should ideally be based on the perceived landscape, butits scientific measurement has so far been based on questionnaire techniques which are difficultand expensive to organise. This research attempts to establish an alternative method of in-vestigating landform quality based on the mapping of landscape elements (landforms, vegeta-tion, anthropogenic features, etc.）and subsequent statistical analysis. Three mountain cirqueswere selected for detailed study. A questionnaire survey of approximately 340 test area visitorsserved as the basis for evaluating perceived landscape quality. Analysis of the questionnairesshowed a strong preference for two of the cirques, but for different reasons. It is postulatedthat people's preferences are related to the real landscape in terms of the quantity and varietyof the information provided (complexity) plus the legibility of that information, including itsdegree of spatial order (coherence) and the degree of harmony among its elements. I then attempted to identify the various landscape elements and investigate their orderingor structure. Mapping of the cirques, based on air photos and ground surveys, was done onal：10,000 scale. An analysis of the maps enabled the cirques to be ranked in terms of com-plexity and legibility; the results show good agreement with the questionnaire survey.
• 中文關鍵字： geomorphological Mapping; landscape; scenic value
• 英文關鍵字： --