- 作者: 周昌弘; 畢祖慶
- 作者服務機構: 中央研究院植物研究所
- 中文摘要: 位於臺灣西北部淡水河口附近之竹圍沼澤地帶內有近50公頃的紅樹林,在本沼澤區中共有高等植物12科26種,其中以禾本科及水筆仔(屬紅樹科)為優勢植物。該區在1979年曾遭人為破壞,紅樹林受損嚴重,現已逐漸復育中。由河邊區、潮溪處及紅樹林間分別採樣後,進行水質及土壤各項物理化學因子的分析。調查結果顯示,pH值、溶氧量、鹽度及導電度在河邊高於紅樹林間,陽離子如鈉、鉀、鈣、鎂之含量亦有相近模式。但營養鹽如氨態氮、硝酸態氮、亞硝酸態氮、正磷酸鹽及總磷酸鹽則顯示與陽離子呈相反的結果。潮溪區水樣結果範圍介於兩者之間。各營養鹽含量受季節影響至為明顯且亦可能受生物相互作用的影響。此結果指出,紅樹林利用淡水河上游或潮水中的無機礦物質,並在紅樹林生態系代謝營運後,釋放氮及磷之營養鹽以提供了下游的海棲生物利用,此構成一相當複雜的沼澤生態系。
- 英文摘要: A unique mangrove forest occupies the area of Chuwei swamp at the mouth of the Tamshui Riverin north west Taiwan. In the swamp area, 26 species belonging to 12 families were found. Among them,Gramineae and Kandelia candel, belonging to Rhizophoraceae, are dominant plants. However, this vegeta-tion was seriously deforested in 1979, and succession has occurred since then. The chemical analyses ofwaters and soils collected from various sampling sites, such as a riverside area, tidal creek area, and inlandmangrove growing area, were conducted. The results showed that the values of pH, dissolved oxygen,conductivity, and salinity in water were higher in the riverside area than in the mangrove growing area.The amounts of cations, Na, K, Ca, and Mg, also exhibited a similar pattern to those mentioned. Theamounts of organic nutrients, such as ammonium, nitrate, nitrite, orthophosphate, and total phosphate,however, behaved contradictorily to that of the inorganics mentioned. The nutrient contents found in thewaters and soils of the tidal creek area were in between that of the riverside area and the inland mangrovegrowing area. The amounts of nutrients were dynamically influenced by seasons and might interactwith organisms. The findings strongly suggest that the mangrove forest might utilize cations from the tidalwater and release nutrients, such as nitrogen and phosphorous, to nurse local marine organisms in theestuary area.
- 中文關鍵字: mangrove forest; ecosystem; inorganic nutrient; environmental factors; Kandelia candel
- 英文關鍵字: --