• 作者： 陳郭美霞；陳錫松
• 作者服務機構： 國立陽明醫學院微生物科; 國立陽明醫學院生化科
• 中文摘要： 本研究使用氣相層析儀分析卅九株非發酵性革蘭氏陰性桿菌所含之菌體脂肪酸。這些菌株皆?標準菌種或參考菌種。細菌先在30°C培養，然後進行脂肪被的皂化，酯化，抽取，濃縮及氣相層析測定。結果顯示細菌的菌體脂肪酸的組成因著 培養?度的高低及培養時間的長短而變化。因此，若欲得可靠而持?的氣相層析「圖譜」(簡稱「圖譜」），則培養溫度及培 養時間必須嚴加控制。菌體脂肪酸的「圖譜」的可重複性高。由同一菌種（species)不同菌株（istrain)所得的「圖譜」， 亦相似。非發酵性桿菌的不同菌屬（genus)與不同的Pseudomonas菌種中，所得的「圖譜」皆各具其獨特性。但所試 驗的兩種Alcaligenes菌種（即A..faecalis及A. denitrificans)，則無法用「圖譜」加以區別。在Pseudomonas的五個「RN A同系群」中，「圖譜」可以用來區分同系群中不同菌種之細菌。但其中的螢光群（Fluorescent group)及司杜撤群( stutzeri group)中，同系群的不同菌種，卻具相近的「圖譜」，而無法加以區分。十六烯脂酸（hexadecenoic acid)，十 六脂酸（hexadecanoic acid)及十八烯脂酸（octadecenoic acid)?多種非發酵性桿菌 （Pseudomonas, Alcaligenes, Bordetella, Achromobacter， groups IIK與VE )菌體中共同含有的脂肪酸。各菌種的區分，主要是根據 其他直鏈脂肪酸，叉鏈脂肪酸及環烴丙烷脂肪酸的差異來分類鑑別。
• 英文摘要： The cellular fatty acid compositions of 39 standard and reference strains of nonfermentative gram-negative bacilli (NFB) were analyzed by gas chromatography. All the analyses were done by culturing the bacteria at 30蚓, rather than at 37蚓. The whole cells were saponified, esterified. The methylated fatty acids were extracted, concentrated and analyzed by gas chromatography. The cellular fatty acid compositions of the organisms were found to be influenced by the change in the incubation temperature and the length of incubation period. Therefore, adherence to strict cultural temperature and timing was necessary in order to obtain reliable and consistent results. The GC cellular fatty acid profile obtained from a single strain was quite repeatable and the profiles gained from different strains of a given species were rather close. There were distinctions found among different genuses of NFB and among various Pseudomonas species. However, no distinction could be found in the cellular fatty acid profiles between Alcaligenes faecalis and A. denitrificans. Among the five 'RNA homology groups' of the Pseudomonas species examined, the GC profiles could be employed to distinguish the organisms to the species level, except for the Fluorescent group and the Stutzeri group. In these two groups, the organisms among members of the same groups were similar to each other in their cellular fatty acid composition. Hexadecenoic acid, hexadecanoic acid and octadecenoic acid were found to be the major extractable acids common to many species of Pseudomonas, Alcaligenes and other NFB, such as Comamonas, Bordetella, Achromobacter, groups IIK and VE. Distinctions among the various species were made on the basis of different contents of other straight chain acids, branched chain acids and cyclopropane acids.
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