- 作者: 趙乃賢; 趙維誠; 劉國鈞; 廖一久
- 作者服務機構: 臺灣省水產試驗所東港分所; 國立陽明醫學院解剖學科
- 中文摘要: 黑鯛Acanthopagus schlegeli為臺灣重要經濟魚類之一,其價格常年居高不下,因此,人工繁殖此魚魚苗有發展潛力。不過,此魚屬雄性先熟變性魚,為確保精液之能適時供應,就其特性及其冷凍保存方法多方加以探討。 黑鯛之雄性生殖腺分成左右二囊狀物,而於生殖孔前癒合成一股。每年十二月底至翌年二月間為其生殖季節,此時雄魚之性腺指數範圍為2.0-3.5,由一尾雄性種魚可擠得之精液量約為0.5-12 ml。繁殖季節早期之精子活力最佳,在4℃可保持10天左右,但中、晚期則遞減。精液之pH值平均7.4,滲透壓385 mOsm/kg,精子濃度可達2.87×10 sperms/ml。精子頭部類似蘋果形,直徑為1.6μ。 此魚精液之長期保存係以5%葡萄糖液及甘油做為稀釋抗凍劑,與精液採1:1之比例混合。降溫方式有二種,一為直接由室溫瞬間投入已用乾冰預冷至-10℃之異丙醇後,再以2℃/min之速率緩緩下降至-80℃,另一為直接由室溫移入-90~-100℃之液態氮蒸氣面停留10-20 min,最後均移入液態氮桶內保存,後者的結果比前者較佳,且便於野外現場大量作業。本試驗中十餘次以冷凍精液試行人工受精,結果最好的四次得到99.0%,93.2%,91.9%,91.5%之受精率,不遜於對照組使用新鮮精液者之98.0%,30.7%,30.7%,96.0%。當然尚有諸多問題有待研究;不過,冷凍精液在此魚之人工繁殖上將可扮演相當重要的角色乃為不可爭的事實。
- 英文摘要: This paper describes the general biology of the testes, milt and spermatozoa of the black porgy,Acanthopagrus schlegeli and reports some preliminary results in which the techniques for cryopreservationof spermatozoa were investigated. During the spawning season from December to February, the gonadosomatic index ranged from 2.0to 3.5. The milt had an average pH value of 7.4 and osmotic pressure of 385 mOsm/kg. The head of thespermatozoon was apple-shaped and averaged at 1.6 microns in diameter. The best quality of milt wasobtained only in the early spawning season. Good motility of spermatozoa could be maintained for up to10 days in vials hanging in a water bath at 4℃. For cryopreservation, an extender containing 5% glucosemixed with glycerol, serving as the cryoprotective agent (CPA), at a 4:1 ratio was used and the black porgymilt was diluted with the extender at a 1:1 ratio. After an equilibration period no longer than 10 minutes,straws containing this mixture were submerged in isopropanol at -10℃ and then frozen at a rate of 2℃/min until the temperature reached -80℃ or were held in liquid nitrogen (LN) vapor (-90 to -100℃) for10 to 20 minutes. A total 720 of 0.5 ml straws were stored in LN at-196℃ for long term preservation.Between 50 and 90% of the post-thawed sperm were motile. After being cryopreserved for 1, 7, 7 and 342days, sperm showed fertilities of 99.0, 93.2, 91.9 and 91.5% respectively.
- 中文關鍵字: black porgy; sperm; cryopreservation; fertility; cryobiology
- 英文關鍵字: --