• 作者： 許敏桃
• 作者服務機構： 高雄醫學院護理學系
• 中文摘要： 本文整合象徵互動論與詮釋人類學的觀點，提出一個理論模型，目的在完整而深入的瞭解台灣女性喪偶者的主觀經驗與感受。本理論模型強調從女性喪偶者本身的觀點，以人類學深度訪談的方式收集資料，從女性喪偶者的自我、所處的社會文化脈絡、以及有意義的他人等三個層面，瞭解女性喪偶者的失落經驗。基於此一理論，本文提出下列兩個假設：(1)台灣女性喪偶者會根據當代的文化認知法則去推論丈夫的死亡原因；(2)由於社會文化因素對個人具有明顯的影響力，女性喪偶者的生活經驗將因文化的殊異性而形成不同的形貌。因此，本文建議未來的研究應注意到跨文化的比較，透過廣泛文化變異性的解析，藉以更為瞭解人類失落經驗的本質。
• 英文摘要： In order to understand the experiences of Taiwanese widows, a research framework which incorporates bothBlumer's symbolic interactionism and anthropological interpretism is sketched. It is suggested researchers look for mean-ings of loss from a widow's standpoint by focusing on her subjective feelings with the use of ethnographic data-collectingtechniques. However, it is also proposed that one's self is shaped by both cultural parameters and significant others－thatis, the meaning of a husband's death held by a widow is the product of interactions among her self, her culture, and herinterpersonal relationships. Given this framework, it is hypothesized that: (1）widows in Taiwan tend to attribute theirhusbands' deaths to cultural inferences; and (2) since sociocultural factors have a profound impact on individuals, the lifeexperiences of widows will differ from one culture to another. It is also suggested that further research should focus oncross-cultural comparisons so that broader cultural variations can be explored and a better understanding of the human na-ture of loss gained.
• 中文關鍵字： 護理人類學; 失落; 哀傷; 死亡
• 英文關鍵字： nursing anthropology; grief; loss; death