第6卷‧第7期,
197807
, pp. 651-656
小菜蛾性費洛蒙之田間誘蟲試驗
- 作者:
周延鑫; 許秋玲; 林玉美
- 作者服務機構:
中央研究院植物研究所
- 中文摘要:
小菜蛾Plutella xylostella (L.)的性費洛蒙是由雌蛾在夜間分泌,其分泌的時間是隨雌蛾的年齡增加而提早,如以每日為計算單位,則其分泌高潮是在第四及第五天時達到高峰,然後降低。如用雌蛾和化學合成的性費洛蒙Z-11-hexadecenyl acetate及Z-11-hexadecenal 1:1的混合物同時在田間做對照誘蟲試驗時,在正常環境下,則雌蛾較合成物有效,但在溫度降低或氣候不適時,則合成物較為有效。如果將其性費洛蒙成份分別以不同濃度配合,長期施放於田間時,其低濃度效應可使雄蛾之蟲口密度由自然之較小尖峰變成較為寬大之平峰,也就是說可使本來同步的蟲口週期變成較為不同步的蟲口週期,但是其成蟲數目並未有明顯的減少。如果在1:1之性費洛蒙混合劑中再加入0.5比例的methyl Z-11-hexadecenoate,則其誘引雄蟲效果更為增高。
- 英文摘要:
The sex pheromone of the diamondbackmoth, Plutella xylostella (L.) is produced andreleased by the female moth during the nightof each day. Females which emerge duringthe first day are able to emit pheromone("call")at 23:00, the calling time shifts earlier day byday with increasing age. For instance, femalesof day 2 are calling at 21:00, day 4 at 19:00.On the other hand, the attraction ability of thevirgin females per day is increasing with age,reaching a maximum attraction level on days4-5 and then decreasing to zero. Under naturalcondition, four (4) virgin females together attractmore males than the chemically synthesized sexpheromone mixture(1:1 Z-11-hexadecenylace-tate and Z-11-hexadecenal). But when thetemperature decreases (below 10℃), or environ-mental conditions are unfavorable to the females,more males are caught by the synthesized pher-omone trap. If Z-11-hexadecenyl acetate andZ-11-hexadecenal are mixed in different ratiosin pheromone traps, the long term effect of thechemicals(l0μg) in the field is to cause thediamondback moth population density peak tochange from a sharp peak (2-3 days) to a peakthat is 10 days or more in duration and isflatter in appearance. This may mean that thesex pheromone can cause a previously synchron-ized diamondback moth population to go to aasynchronized one by the disruption of thecommunication between the sexes. We havealso found that in addition to the sex phero-mone, Z-11-hexadecenyl acetate and its cor-responding aldehyde, methyl Z-11, hexade-canoate, is a synergistic compound at low con-centrations by field screen tests.
- 中文關鍵字:
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- 英文關鍵字:
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