• 作者： 鄭錫霖; 黃槐青
• 作者服務機構： 臺灣糖業研究所
• 中文摘要： 本研究之主要目的，係探討有機酸對蔗渣原料之防腐功效，防止蔗渣於堆積儲存期間腐化變質及蔗渣原料變質對產品品質之影響；同時並減少腐化蔗渣塵埃對人體引起不容忽視之Bagas-sosis職業病公害。 本文以甲、乙、丙三種有機酸對蔗渣0.5％及1％使用量，分別噴灑於蔗渣中混合均勻，以散堆方式堆積於水泥地面，頂上覆以塑膠布加以儲存。未處理之蔗渣亦以散堆及捆堆方式作對照比較試驗。蔗渣之微生物含量定期加以檢定。 堆積初期，未處理新鮮蔗渣因微生物之繁殖，使堆積儲存之蔗渣溫度升高至55℃，堆積前，以有機酸處理之蔗渣，顯示對蔗渣微生物之繁殖生長有抑制作用，能防止溫度之增高，使其含菌數顯著降低。但堆積蔗渣之有機酸含量，隨時間之增加而逐漸揮發，其抑菌作用亦隨之減低。 防止堆積初期，蔗渣溫度之增高及微生物之生長繁殖，以丙酸處理者，效果最好，其次為乙酸及甲酸。惟各有機酸之使用量，須1％以上始能有效阻止堆積蔗渣之發熱，減低微生物之繁殖及蔗渣之腐化，維持長期之新鮮度，提供優良之蔗渣品質。 本研究以堆積蔗渣儲存六個月後，加以研磨試製塑合板。塑合板顏色與防腐處理有關，經1％丙酸處理者，顏色最淡，次為1％乙酸，再次為未經處理之捆狀蔗渣，散堆未處理之蔗渣，顏色較深暗。蔗渣以0.5％有機酸處理者，其顏色與散堆未處理者很接近。試製之塑合板強度經有機酸防腐處理者較優，其中尤以1％丙酸處理者最佳。
• 英文摘要： Bagasse as a raw material for ba-gasse particle boards, pulps, and feed-ing-stuffs production, has to be col-lected and stored during the grindingseason of each year in the cane grow-ing area. Treatment with differentorganic acids in the preservation andstorage of bagasse for the making ofparticle boards has been investigatedin this report. Oganic acids (formic acid, aceticacid and propionic acid) had been usedfor the preservation of bagasse. Theunbaled bagasse was treated with 0.5and 1.0% organic acid, piled on a con-crete floor separately, and covered withPE canvas to protect against rain. Atthe same time a trial with untreatedbagasse in baled and unbaled formwas also made. The untreated green bagasse wasfound to evolve heat during the storage.The temperature rised to 55℃ due tothe bacterial activity. If bagasse wastreated with acids before storage, theacids inhibited the microbial activityand prevented the bagasse from self-heating. Reduction of microbial countsin one gram of bagasse was remarkablein the treated bagasse, but the countsincreased as the time passed. Treatmentwith 1.0% propionic acid, however,offectively prevented the formation ofmould, bacterial activity and heatingof the bagasse. In our experiment, propionic acidwas the best of the three acids, withacetic acid and formic acid followingthe order. All three showed bacterici-dal effect and preNented bagasse fromself-heating when the application ratewas 1.0% or higher depending upon thelength of storage period. After 6 months of preservativestorage, particle boards were made frombagasse. The board from bagasse treatedwith 1.0% propionic acid was the ligh-test in color, and 1.0% acetic acid,baled form bagasse was the next lightest.The board made from the bagassetreated with，0.5% of acids was as darkin color as that made from the un-treated bagasse. Bagasse treated with organic acidsmade boards stronger in strength thandid the untreated bagasse. Among thetreated acids, propionic acid was thebest one.
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