• 作者： 劉孔中
• 作者服務機構： 中央研究院中山人文社會科學研究所
• 中文摘要： 類似商品或服務之功能在於界定商標禁止權之範圍。類似商品或服務雖與近似商標共同為商標法上混淆之虞的構成要件，但在其認定上是不考慮商標的因素，以維持新商標申請註冊時之安定性，並且避免不當擴大弱勢商標之保護範圍。而所謂類似商品或服務是指「在功能、生產或提供業者、銷售管道與場所、買受人或原材料等項目上具有共同或關聯之處，以致於在其上使用相同或近似商標時，可導致相關大眾產生混淆之虞者。」類似商品或服務之認定應取決於相關大眾之認知，既與商品之分類無關，亦不受經濟部中央標準局所編之「商品及服務類似組群參考資料」之拘束。
• 英文摘要： The "similarity of goods and services in trademark law" serves to define the limit of the negative rightof trademark owners to prohibit unlawful use of their trademarks. Despite the fact that similarity of goods andservices and similarity of trademarks are constituent of likelihood of confusion, the identification of the formeris independent of the latter, in order both to maintain certainty in the application of trademark registration andto avoid improper expansion of the boundary of "weak" trademarks. The similarity of goods and servicesmeans that the goods and services which share such related or common functions, production, sale channels,buyers or materials and etc., that in the case of applying same or similar trademarks on them, the revelantpublic is likely to be confused as to the source of the goods and services or to the relationship between theundertakings which produce or provide them. The International Classifications of Goods and Services can notdetermine the similarity or dissimilarity of goods and services in question. Goods that are classified in the sameclass are not necessarily "similar" and vice versa. "The Reference Manual of Similar Groups of Goods andServices" published by the Central Bureau of Standards, MOEA is at best a rebuttable indicator of possiblesimilarity of goods and services and shall not be the sole evidence of similarity or dissimilarity of goods andservices.
• 中文關鍵字： 類似商品或服務; 近似商標; 關聯商品; 商標沖淡; 著名商標; 相關大眾; 商品分類; 混淆之虞
• 英文關鍵字： similarity of goods and services; related goods and services; dilution; famous marks; relevant public; likelihood of confusion; classifications of goods and services; functional interchangeability