• 作者： 馬定波; 吳先琪; 王西華
• 作者服務機構： 國立臺灣大學農業化學系微生物研究室
• 中文摘要： 固體醱酵時容易發生氣體及產物的不均一而使兩性之細胞核不平衡。本研究以所設計矽橡膠膜二氧化碳電極來側定從下種經覆土至每一產菇週期中堆肥及栽培室中二氧化碳之含量，同時測數菌絲細胞核的數目。在出菇時期每個細胞成熒核的比例佔50%以上（即異核比為1：1時出菇）。但出菇前，堆肥中二氧化碳含量極高，一部份菌絲核數仍然很少，而另一部份菌絲突然變粗大，且核數增加。因此推想異核比為1：1的菌絲（兩核體）可能發育為子實體的可育性細胞（hymenium），而多核的菌絲（可能具有同核體之性質）可能發育為子實體的營養細胞（trama）。又由二氧化碳含量之變化，在出現菇蕾時，含量最高（佔0.7-0.8%），可見二氧化碳的濃度並非出菇的唯一原因，可能尚有其他揮發性氣體之相互影響，此尚待進一步研究。
• 英文摘要： A silicone rubber-covered PC02 electrode was made for direct deter-mination of C02 inside composts and in the air of cultivation room beforeand after each flush. During the period of spawning, casing and fructifi-cation, the C02 inside composts and the nuclear numbers of hyphae werealso determined. Except chlamydospores, arthrospore and strange regular-arranged myc-elia (each cell posses one nucleus) were also found during the period ofcultivation. Majorities of cells (more than 50%) contain two nuclei in acell when pinheads are formed, but some other hypha suddenly becomelarge and increase in nuclear number. This suggests that cells with nuclearratio of 1：1 (dikarytic) develop to the hymenium (fertile cells), and thecells with increased nuclear number (phenotypically homokaryotic) developto the trama (sterile cells) of fruiting body. In C02 determination of the composts, when pinhead are formed, theconcentration of CO2 reaches to a maximum (0.7-0.8Yby volume), but thequantity of the products are not paralleled to the C02 Concentration. Thissuggests that C02 is not the only reason for fructification. Under thishypothesis, one must find the relationship between volatile gases and thefructification for further explanation.
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