• 作者： Shyh-Chyang Lin
• 中文摘要： 世界上因為人類的開發行為導致大量物種滅絕，人類的活動亦衝擊了全球生物多樣性。面對大陸或島嶼生態系統的惡化，人類開始意識到生態保育之重要性，並且思考應用生態友善之工程。本文的宗旨在呈現保育理論之演變並簡介島嶼生物地理學及景觀生態學之理念。並且描繪出生態保育之理論演化，期望土木工程師在了解生態保育之精神後於工程中維持生態系統的完整。本文首先討論島嶼生物地理學理論，探討有關島嶼大小、隔離度和位置應用在評估島嶼棲地之生物豐度與生物多樣性上，針對島嶼生物地理學之不足，景觀生態學提供重要之補強，其架構牽涉各類的棲地特徵、物種數量與演變等議題。改變形狀、結構、配置及連結性等景觀成為生態保育之設計因子。以上兩個領域為工程可提供科學性的保育基本原則，如迴避、減緩和補償措施。從島嶼生物地理學理論開始到景觀生態學和生物保育，串聯一個有系統性的保育架構是本研究的結論，本文的最終目標期望土木工程師了解基本的保育理論，以利實地的將此理論應用於生態工程之中。
• 英文摘要： Great number of species in the world had gone extinct due to human development. The impacts of human activities have also affected global biodiversity. Facing the deteriorating ecosystem in each continent and island, people have realized the importance of ecological conservation and started to consider and implement ecologically friendly engineering practices. The objective of this article is to present the evolution of conservation theories and concepts by introducing Island Biogeography and Landscape Ecology. It also depicts the evolution of ecological conservation theories for civil engineers who are the most influential in keeping our ecosystem intact. First discussed in the theory of island biogeography, and then applied to habitat islands, is the effect of island size, isolation, and location on species abundance and biodiversity. The framework of landscape ecology covers most factors that interfere with various habitat characteristics and affect species population and evolution. Configuration, structure, allocation, and connectivity of landscape elements may change the methods for the conservation of different species. The concepts of two scientific areas provide conservation principles such as avoidance, mitigation and compensation for engineering practices. From initiation of the theory of island biogeography to landscape ecology and conservation biology, a systematic cascade development of conservation has been summarized in this research. The ultimate goal of this article is to provide an opportunity for civil engineers to comprehend the basic conservation theories, apply them to engineering, and implement genuine ecological engineering.
• 中文關鍵字： 生態保育、島嶼生物地?學、面積與??關係、景觀生態學、棲地形?
• 英文關鍵字： Ecological Conservation; Island Biogeography; Species-Area relationship; Landscape Ecology; Habitat Shape